Proposed formation mechanism and in vitro products. Products formed by FvCHS2-1, FvCHS2-2, and FvCHS2-3 when 4-coumaroyl-CoA, cinnamoyl-CoA, feruloyl-CoA, isobutyryl-CoA, and isovaleryl-CoA were used as starter molecules. A number sign indicates that the product was not detected by LC-MS, and an asterisk indicates that the product represents less than 10% of total products. -SCoA and CoAS- denote Coenzyme A.