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. 2015 Oct 19;6:8476. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9476

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(a) Results of VASE measurements; extinction coefficient k (black) and refractive index n (red). The solid and dashed lines represent spectra for the ordinary and extraordinary optical constants, respectively. (b) Results of angular-dependent PL experiments. (c) Optical simulations for the DACT-II-9 device. The numbers in parentheses for respective modes are obtained by the integration with respect to emission wavelengths with weighting of the PL intensity. (d) Dependence of the out-coupling mode on the thicknesses of hole and electron-transport layers.