Fig. 2.

Exemplary attenuation and dark-field CT slices and histological sections of lungs of three in vivo mice. Pathophysiological changes are subtle in the attenuation-based, but clear in scatter-based CT images as visible by the overall reduced brightness and decreased homogeneity of the signal in the diseased lungs compared to the healthy lung. Gray-value windows chosen for best visual appearance, but consistent within the same modality, respectively. Left-most column: Control mouse. Center column: Emphysematous mouse. Right-most column: Fibrotic mouse. a–c: Coronal slices of attenuation CT. d–f: Axial slices of attenuation CT. g–i: Coronal slices of dark-field CT. j–l: Axial slices of dark-field CT. m–o: Histopathological slices (HE-stained) of the lungs.