Table 1.
Sample household characteristics
| Variables of interest | Household with human H5N1 case | Household with poultry H5N1 case | Household no reported H5N1 cases | Total | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average number of persons | 7·3 (4, 12) | 7·8 (5, 20) | 9·9 (3, 35) | 8·2 (3, 35) | 0·37 |
| Average number of rooms | 3·3 (1, 10) | 3·6 (1, 10) | 4·6 (2, 11) | 3·8 (1, 11) | 0·25 |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Construction | |||||
| Formal floor (not dirt) | 11/19 (58) | 13/18 (72) | 15/18 (83) | 39/55 (71) | 0·26 |
| Running water | 13/19 (68) | 17/19 (90) | 15/18 (83) | 45/56 (80) | 0·28 |
| Sewage system | 2/14 (14) | 5/19 (26) | 4/18 (22) | 11/51 (22) | 0·83 |
| Additional wealth indicators | |||||
| Television | 17/19 (90) | 19/19 (100) | 17/18 (94) | 53/56 (95) | 0·53 |
| Fan | 15/19 (79) | 17/19 (90) | 17/19 (90) | 49/56 (88) | 0·48 |
| Refrigerator | 14/19 (74) | 18/19 (95) | 16/19 (84) | 48/56 (86) | 0·18 |
| Satellite | 13/19 (68) | 13/19 (68) | 14/18 (78) | 40/56 (71) | 0·81 |
| Washing machine | 8/18 (44) | 11/19 (58) | 7/18 (39) | 26/55 (47) | 0·50 |
| Air conditioning | 0/19 (0) | 0/19 (0) | 0/18 (0) | 0/56 (0) | – |
| Perceived social class by participants | |||||
| Lower class | 13/14 (93) | 11/18 (58) | 7/12 (58) | 31/45 (69) | 0·17 |
| Middle class | 1/14 (7) | 6/18 (32) | 4/12 (33) | 11/45 (24) | |
| Upper class | 0/14 (0) | 2/18 (11) | 1/12 (8) | 3/45 (7) | |
| Head of household education | |||||
| None | 10/19 (53) | 7/19 (37) | 10/18 (56) | 27/56 (48) | 0·54 |
| Primary/preparatory school | 2/19 (11) | 3/19 (16) | 4/18 (22) | 9/56 (16) | |
| Advanced studies | 7/19 (37) | 9/19 (47) | 4/18 (22) | 29/56 (36) | |