Table 1.
Household characteristics and illness during school closure*
| Ushuaia no. (%) | Jujuy no. (%) | P‐value** | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total households (n = 226) | 145 | 81 | |
| Adults in household (n = 225) | |||
| One | 12 (8) | 11 (14) | 0·020 |
| Two | 89 (61) | 30 (38) | |
| Three or more | 44 (30) | 39 (49) | |
| Children ages 4 or younger (n = 223) | |||
| None | 107 (75) | 46 (57) | 0·027 |
| One | 28 (20) | 21 (26) | |
| Two or more | 7 (5) | 14 (17) | |
| Children ages 5–12 (n = 223) | |||
| None | 50 (35) | 4 (5) | <0·001 |
| One | 50 (35) | 27 (33) | |
| Two or more | 42 (30) | 50 (62) | |
| Children ages 13–16 (n = 223) | |||
| None | 88 (62) | 42 (52) | 0·053 |
| One | 44 (31) | 26 (32) | |
| Two | 10 (7) | 13 (16) | |
| Total Household Income (n = 205)*** | |||
| ARG$1000 or less | 4 (3) | 49 (65) | <0·001 |
| ARG$1001–$2000 | 3 (2) | 18 (24) | |
| ARG$2001–$3000 | 13 (10) | 4 (5) | |
| ARG$3001 or more | 110 (85) | 4 (5) | |
| Education, head of household (n = 217)† | |||
| Primary school or less | 17 (12) | 50 (67) | <0·001 |
| Secondary school | 51 (36) | 21 (28) | |
| Tertiary school | 26 (18) | 4 (5) | |
| University | 48 (34) | 0 (0) | |
| Employment, head of household (n = 217) | |||
| Public sector | 65 (45) | 14 (19) | 0·001 |
| Private sector | 29 (21) | 15 (20) | |
| Self‐employed | 31 (22) | 24 (32) | |
| Business owner | 6 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Family business, no fixed income | 2 (1) | 9 (12) | |
| Unemployed, retired, stay at home | 10 (7) | 12 (16) | |
| Work schedule, head of household (n = 214) | |||
| Full‐time | 103 (73) | 25 (35) | <0·001 |
| Part‐time | 6 (4) | 11 (15) | |
| No fixed schedule | 23 (16) | 24 (33) | |
| Does not work | 10 (7) | 12 (17) | |
| Adults available to care for children (n = 220) | |||
| Unemployed/retired /stay at home | 34 (24) | 39 (51) | 0·003 |
| Part‐time work | 23 (16) | 18 (25) | 0·248 |
| Flexible schedule | 32 (23) | 43 (59) | <0·001 |
| Student (age 16 or older) | 41 (28) | 19 (25) | 0·462 |
| Only one adult in household (n = 226) | |||
| Yes | 12 (8) | 11 (14) | 0·307 |
| Health conditions of high risk during influenza infection (n = 226)†† | |||
| Adults | 30 (21%) | 15 (19%) | 0·486 |
| Children | 11 (8%) | 10 (12%) | 0·329 |
| Influenza‐like illness symptoms during closures††† | |||
| Among adults (n = 220) | 24 (17%) | 21 (26%) | 0·204 |
| Among children (n = 222) | 32 (22%) | 24 (30%) | 0·310 |
*Two schools were surveyed in Ushuaia (grades 1–6 and 7–9) and one school in Jujuy (grades 1–9). Schools in Ushuaia closed in May 2009 and the school in Jujuy closed in September 2009.
**P‐values were calculated using Pearson chi‐squared tests from 2000 bootstrapped samples.
***Exchange rate on 1 September 2009 was 3·8 Argentine pesos per U.S. dollar.
†Primary school refers to basic education, grades 1–6; secondary school refers to the 6 years following primary school; tertiary school refers to post‐secondary education, usually technical and of shorter duration than a university degree.
††High‐risk conditions include asthma, chronic respiratory conditions, chronic heart conditions, diabetes, renal disease, pregnancy status (only adults), and immune system conditions.
†††The case definition for ILI was the presence of fever with cough or sore throat.