Table 1.
Demographic, Rating Scale, and Smoking-Related Variables for the Study Sample and Subgroups Randomly Assigned to Placebo or Nicotine Patch Treatment
| Variable | Study Sample (N = 81) |
Patch-Treated Subgroupa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (n = 40) |
Nicotine (n = 41) |
||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 40.7 (12.6) | 42.7 (11.9) | 38.6 (13.1) |
| Female, No. (%) | 37 (45.7) | 18 (45.0) | 19 (46.3) |
| White, No. (%) | 39 (48.1) | 17 (42.5) | 22 (53.7) |
| Education, mean (SD), y | 14.5 (2.2) | 14.3 (2.2) | 14.8 (2.2) |
| Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale score, mean (SD) | 2.5 (2.8) | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.8 (3.4) |
| Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, mean (SD) | 2.5 (2.9) | 2.3 (2.5) | 2.7 (3.2) |
| FTND score, mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.1) | 4.6 (2.0) | 4.3 (2.2) |
| Longest quit period, mean (SD), y | 1.0 (1.6) | 0.9 (1.5) | 1.1 (1.7) |
| Cigarettes, No./d | |||
| Pretreatment | 15.4 (4.5) | 15.4 (4.7) | 15.3 (4.3) |
| Posttreatment | 6.8 (8.0)b | 7.5 (7.1)b | 6.3 (8.7)b |
| Change in cigarettes/d with treatment, mean (SD), % | −57.8 (43.6) | −52.7 (41.4) | −62.7 (45.6) |
| Exhaled CO, mean (SD), ppm | |||
| Pretreatment | 13.8 (6.3) | 14.5 (6.6) | 13.1 (6.0) |
| Posttreatment | 8.7 (7.2)b | 10.5 (7.8)b | 6.9 (6.2)b |
| Change in exhaled CO with treatment, mean (SD), % | −36.6 (42.7) | −28.7 (38.6) | −44.2 (45.5) |
| Smokers who quit with treatment, No. (%) | 20 (24.7) | 6 (15.0) | 14 (34.1)c |
Abbreviations: CO, carbon monoxide FTND, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence.
a
No significant differences were found for baseline demographic or rating scale variables between smokers randomly assigned to the placebo vs nicotine patch treatment subgroups (t tests for continuous variables and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables).
b
P < .001 for within-group changes in cigarettes per day and exhaled CO from before to after treatment (paired t test).
c
P = .04 for difference between placebo and nicotine patch subgroups in percentage of quitters (Fisher exact test).