Table 1.
Reported highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) primary outbreaks in poultry* since 1959
| HPAI virus causing outbreak(s) | Subtype | Approximate numbers of poultry involved | Extent of spread | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A/chicken/Scotland/59 | H5N1 | Not known | One small farm |
| 2 | A/turkey/England/63 | H7N3 | 29 000 | Three small farms |
| 3 | A/turkey/Ontario/7732/66 | H5N9 | 8000 | One farm |
| 4 | A/chicken/Victoria/76 | H7N7 | 58 000 | One chicken farm, duck farm with LPAI H7N7 slaughtered |
| 5 | A/chicken/Germany/79 | H7N7 | Not known | One chicken farm, one goose farm |
| 6 | A/turkey/England/199/79 | H7N7 | 9000 | Three small farms |
| 7 | A/chicken/Pennsylvania/1370/83 | H5N2 | 17 000 000 | 356 farms HPAI plus 90 LPAI or H5 antibodies |
| 8 | A/turkey/Ireland/1378/83 | H5N8 | 307 000 | Three farms (turkeys/chickens), one duck farm (270 000 ducks) |
| 9 | A/chicken/Victoria/85 | H7N7 | 120 000 | One farm |
| 10 | A/turkey/England/50‐92/91 | H5N1 | 8000 | One house on one farm |
| 11 | A/chicken/Victoria/1/92 | H7N3 | 18 000 | One chicken farm, duck farm with H7 antibodies |
| 12 | A/chicken/Queensland/667‐6/94 | H7N3 | 22 000 | One farm |
| 13 | A/chicken/Mexico/8623‐607/94 | H5N2 | Unknown – millions? | Many farms |
| 14 | A/chicken/Pakistan/447/94 | H7N3 | >6 000 000 | Many farms |
| 15 | A/chicken/NSW/97 | H7N4 | 310 000 | Two chicken, one emu farms |
| 16 | A/chicken/Hong Kong/97† | H5N1 | 3 000 000 | All poultry in Hong Kong slaughtered |
| 17 | A/chicken/Italy/330/97 | H5N2 | 8000 | Eight farms |
| 18 | A/turkey/Italy/99 | H7N1 | 14 000 000 | 413 farms |
| 19 | A/chicken/Chile/2002 | H7N3 | c. 700 000 | Two farms |
| 20 | A/chicken/Netherlands/2003 | H7N7 | c. 30 000 000 | 241 in the Netherlands; eight in Belgium; one in Germany |
| 21 | A/chicken/Eurasia and Africa‡/2003‐6 | H5N1 | Unknown – hundreds of millions | Hundreds/thousands ongoing |
| 22 | A/chicken/Texas/2004 | H5N2 | 6600 | One farm |
| 23 | A/chicken/Canada‐BC/2004 | H7N3 | 17 000 000 | 42 commercial, 11 backyard – all poultry in Fraser Valley area culled |
| 24 | A/ostrich/South Africa/2004 | H5N2 | 30 000 | Many, ongoing |
*Where outbreaks were extensive and infecting different types of poultry the first reported virus is listed.
†Probably early outbreak of 21.
‡Nineteen Asian, seven European and five African countries had reported outbreaks in May 2006.