Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Sternal Tumors
| Characteristic | Benign (n=5) | Primary Malignant (n=28) | Secondary Malignant (n=21) | Breast (n=24) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (range) | 32 (24-65) | 50 (20-76) | 57 (23-72) | 60 (48-69) | 0. 027 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 3 (60) | 11 (39) | 8 (38) | 23 (96) | <0.001 |
| Male | 2 (40) | 17 (61) | 13 (62) | 1 ( 4) | |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | 3 (60) | 15 (54) | 12 (57) | 19 (79) | 0. 43 |
| Former/current | 2 (40) | 12 (46) | 8 (43) | 4 (21) | |
| Tumor size, cm (range) | 1.5 (0-6.3) | 4.2 (1-12) | 8 (2.1-15) | 4.2 (1.2-7) | 0. 004 |
| Location of the tumor | 0. 014 | ||||
| Manubrium | 0 (0) | 7 (25) | 9 (43) | 1 (4) | |
| Sternal body | 4 (80) | 20 (71) | 10 (48) | 18 (75) | |
| Lower sternum | 1 (13) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 1 (4) | |
| Manubrium + sternal body | 0 ( 0) | 1 ( 4) | 1 ( 5) | 4 (17) | |
| Tumor characteristics* | |||||
| Locally invasive | — | 25 (100) | 5 (45) | 1 (6) | — |
| Metastatic | — | — | 5 (45) | 10 (59) | |
| Recurrence with local invasion | — | — | 1 ( 9) | 6 (35) | |
| Neoadjuvant treatment | — | ||||
| Chemotherapy | 0 | 1 (4) | 4 (22) | 3 (13) | |
| Radiation | 0 | 0 | 2 (11) | 1 (4) | |
| Intent of resection | |||||
| Curative | 5 (100) | 28 (100) | 17 (89) | 19 (82) | |
| Palliative | — | 0 | 2 (11) | 4 (18) | |
| Sternectomy | |||||
| Total | 0 | 6 (21) | 4 (19) | 3 (13) | 0. 76 |
| Subtotal | 5 (100) | 22 (79) | 17 (81) | 21 (87) | |
| Pathologic margin status | |||||
| R0 | 4 (80) | 23 (82) | 15 (71) | 15 (61) | 0. 48 |
| R1/2 | 1 (20) | 5 (18) | 6 (29) | 9 (38) | |
| Adjuvant treatment* | |||||
| Chemotherapy | 0 | 1 (7) | 3 (19) | 4 (21) | |
| Radiation | 0 | 0 | 4 (25) | 1 (5) | |
| Grade III/IV complications | 0 | 5 (20) | 5 (24) | 7 (29) | |
| 5-year OS, % | 100% | 80.2% | 72.8 | 58.3 | 0. 69 |
Note. Unless otherwise noted, data are no. (%).
*
Data available for 54 patients.
**
Missing data - % calculated based on number of cases where data were available.