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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: COPD. 2014 Jul 1;11(6):670–680. doi: 10.3109/15412555.2014.898047

Table 1.

ECG findings described in patients with emphysema

Author, Year, Reference Included patients with
cor-pulmonale		 ECG signs
Selvester, 1965 (27) Substudy excluded patients
with cor-pulmonale		 1- Rightward deviation of the P wave axis.
2- Low QRS voltage in the limb leads and in V6.
3- Posterior and superior displacement of the QRS axis in the precordial leads or
rightward / indeterminate / leftward QRS axis deviation in the limb leads.
Spodick, 1959 (42) Probably yes 1- Large P wave in inferior limb leads.
2- Rightward deviation of the P wave axis.
3- Rightward deviation of the QRS axis.
Wasserburger, 1959 (43) Probably yes 1- Large P waves in inferior limb leads.
2- Prominent atrial T waves in inferior limb leads.
3- Vertical cardiac positioning (inverted P and T waves in aVL and low QRS voltage
in lead I).
4- Rightward deviation of the QRS axis.
5- Low QRS voltage in left precordial leads.