Table 2.

Items used to represent the forms and functions of aggression adapted from Little, 2003

Relational (α = 0.840) – comprised of mostly instrumental behaviors focused on relations with others.

If others make me mad or upset, I hurt them.

To get what I want, I say mean things to others.

To get what I want, I hurt others.

When I am mad at others, I gossip/spread rumors about them.

To get what I want, I ignore/stop talking to others.

To get what I want, I gossip/spread rumors about others.

Instrumental (α = 0.852) – comprised of mostly instrumental behaviors but not distinctly overt or relational.

I threaten others to get what I want.

I hit, kick, or punch others to get what I want.

To get what I want, I put others down.

If others upset or hurt me, I tell my friends to stop liking them.

I tell my friends to stop liking someone to get what I want.

I keep others from being in my group of friends to get what I want.

Reactive (α = 0.706) – comprised of all reactive items but not distinctly overt or relational.

When I'm hurt by someone, I fight back.

When I'm threatened by someone, I threaten back.

If others have angered me, I hit, kick, or push them.

If others have hurt me, I keep them from being in my group of friends.

When I am upset with others, I ignore/stop talking to them.