Table II. Cross validation of Approaches.
Selected approaches evaluated for reported actions in other cancer hallmark areas.
| Approach1 | Curcumin | Resveratrol | EGCG | Lycopene | Anthocyanins | Genistein |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other Hallmarks | ||||||
| Genomic Instability | + [770] | + [682] | + [771] | + [772] | + [770] | + [773] |
| Sustained Proliferative Signaling | + [774] | + [775–777] | + [678, 778] | + [488, 779] | + [780, 781] | +/− [782, 783] |
| Evasion of Anti-growth Signaling | + [784, 785] | + [786, 787] | + [788, 789] | + [790–792] | + [793] | +/− [544, 794, 795] |
| Resistance to Apoptosis | + [796] | + [797] | + [798] | + [799] | + [800] | + [518] |
| Replicative Immortality | + [774, 801, 802] | + [803, 804] | + [805, 806] | 0 | + [807] | + [808, 809] |
| Deregulated Metabolism | + [810] | + [811, 812] | + [813–815] | 0 | 0 | +/− [816] |
| Immune System Evasion | + [371] | +/− [425, 817–819] | + [820] | 0 | 0 | +/− [554, 821] |
| Angiogenesis | + [822] | +/− [823] | + [824] | + [825] | + [826] | + [827] |
| Tissue Invasion and Metastasis | + [774, 828] | + [829] | + [312, 830, 831] | + [832] | + [833] | + [830] |
| Tumor Microenvironment | + [834, 835] | + [836, 837] | + [820, 838] | + [772, 839] | + [840] | + [841] |
Approaches that were found to have complementary, anticarcinogenic actions in a particular hallmark area were were indicated with “+”, while approaches that were found to have procarcinogenic actions in a particular hallmark area were indicated with “ −”. In instances where reports on relevant actions in other hallmarks were mixed (i.e., reports showing both anticarcinogenic and procarcinogenic potential), the symbol “+/−“ was used. Finally, in instances where no literature support was found to document the relevance of an approach in a particular aspect of cancer's biology, we documented this as “0”'. Threse cross-hallmark relationships are reported in the first eleven columns of the table. Finally, the number of anticarcinogenic, procarcinogenic and mixed cross-hallmark relationships for each target have been summed and are reported in the last three columns of the table.