Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, divided according to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease without type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean ± SD)
| Parameter | All patients (n = 235) | NAFLD (without T2DM) (n = 158) | NAFLD (with T2DM) (n = 77) | P value |
| Age (yr) | 45.3 ± 11.9 | 43.0 ± 12.2 | 49.9 ± 9.8 | < 0.01 |
| Gender (male/female) | 91/144 | 69/89 | 22/55 | 0.02 |
| Race (% Caucasian) | 65.1 | 63.9 | 67.5 | 0.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 37.6 ± 11.5 | 35.9 ± 10.6 | 41.0 ± 12.6 | < 0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 114 (48.1) | 59 (37.3) | 55 (71.4) | < 0.01 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 139 (68.8) | 82 (61.2) | 57 (83.8) | < 0.01 |
| Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 115 (53.7) | 52 (36.4) | 63 (88.7) | < 0.01 |
| Abnormal LFT’s as an indication of liver biopsy, n (%) | 159 (67.6) | 117 (74.0) | 42 (54.5) | 0.02 |
| Platelets | 257.5 ± 73.5 | 262.6 ± 67.7 | 247.4 ± 83.3 | 0.15 |
| INR | 0.99 ± 0.16 | 0.97 ± 0.10 | 1.02 ± 0.23 | 0.03 |
| Protein (g/dL) | 7.4 ± 0.72 | 7.4 ± 0.73 | 7.3 ± 0.70 | 0.12 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 0.46 | 0.06 |
| AST (U/L) | 49.8 ± 34.5 | 50.4 ± 38.4 | 48.3 ± 24.8 | 0.6 |
| ALT (U/L) | 72.6 ± 58.5 | 79.2 ± 65.4 | 59.2 ± 38 | 0.01 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.67 ± 0.4 | 0.68 ± 0.4 | 0.62 ± 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Alkaline Phosphate | 96.7 ± 61.8 | 94.9 ± 68.2 | 100.1 ± 46.9 | 0.5 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 200.2 ± 47.3 | 200.9 ± 45.4 | 198.8 ± 50.9 | 0.8 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 44.3 ± 11.8 | 44.2 ± 12.0 | 44.6 ± 11.7 | 0.9 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 211.4 ± 119.9 | 209.7 ± 127.7 | 214.4 ± 105.9 | 0.8 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 118.9 ± 41.0 | 120.5 ± 41.3 | 116.4 ± 40.8 | 0.6 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 125.6 ± 55.5 | 102.9 ± 28.3 | 167.0 ± 67.8 | < 0.01 |
| HbA1c | 6.93 ± 2.09 | 5.83 ± 1.11 | 8.09 ± 2.26 | < 0.01 |
| Iron (μg/dL) | 82.6 ± 38.7 | 89.3 ± 40.8 | 71.3 ± 32.0 | < 0.01 |
| Total iron binding capacity (μg/dL) | 322.4 ± 72.3 | 317.16 ± 71.8 | 333.0 ± 72.9 | 0.2 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 258.2 ± 306.0 | 281 ± 323.1 | 223.0 ± 276.7 | 0.3 |
| AST/ALT | 0.836 ± 0.432 | 0.781 ± 0.434 | 0.947 ± 0.41 | < 0.01 |
| FIB-4 index | 1.26 ± 1.01 | 1.06 ± 0.77 | 1.65 ± 1.28 | < 0.01 |
| APRI | 0.581 ± 0.471 | 0.549 ± 0.458 | 0.643 ± 0.493 | 0.16 |
NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NAS: NAFLD activity score; HDL: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: Body mass index; INR: International normalized ratio; APRI: AST to platelet ratio index; LFT: Liver function test.