Table 2.

Lipid-lowering treatments and LDL cholesterol targets in secondary prevention

Study	Study size	Treatment	Control
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
[26]	N = 4334	Statins: 90.8% Statins + ezetimibe: 24.7%	LDLc <70 mg/dl: 14.3% LDLc <100 mg/dl: 55.7%
[28]	N = 1381		LDLc <70 mg/dl: 11% first ACS; 14.1% recurrent ACS LDLc 70–99 mg/dl: 24.1% first ACS; 23.2% recurrent ACS
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
[32]	N = 7600	Statins: 80.6%	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 26.1%
[33]	N = 1452 (5256 visits)	Statins: 92.1%	LDLc <70 mg/dl: 292 (5.7%) LDLc 70–100 mg/dl (non DM): 916 (18%) LDLc 70–100 mg/dl (DM): 640 (12.6%) LDLc >100 mg/dl: 3244 (63.7%)
[34]	N = 1108	Statins: 967 (87.3%); non DM: 678 (85.8%); DM 289 (90.9%)	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 454 (41%); non DM: 301 (38.1%); DM: 153 (48.1%)
[35]	N = 7823	Statins: 80.4%	LDLc >100 mg/dl: 73.8%
[36]	N = 1038	Statins: 82.9%; 82.8% >65 years; 83.1% ≤65 years Ezetimibe 17.4%; 16.2% >65 years; 18.7% ≤65 years	LDLc <100: 42.4% >65years; 46.5% ≤65 years
[37]	N = 2292	Statins: 94.1% Statins monotherapy: 74% Ezetimibe: 18.3%	LDLc >100 mg/dl: 44.9%
[38]	N = 2024		LDLc <100 mg/dl- BMI 20-24.9: 35.2%; BMI 25–29.9: 30.5%; BMI ≥30: 27.9%.
Ischemic stroke
[39]	N = 473	LLT: 319 (67.4%) Statins: 311 (65.8%)	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 33%
[40]	N = 955	LLT: 75.5% Statins: 695 (72.8%) Ezetimibe: 76 (8%)	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 28.9% of treated patients
[41]	N = 407	LLT: 193 (47.4%): Statins: 180 (44.2%)	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 101 (24.8%); LDLc >100 mg/dl: 139 (34.2%); unknown: 167 (41.0%)
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
[42]	N = 4087	LLT: 79.1% Statins: 76.2%	LDLc <100 mg/dl: 30.4%
[43]	N = 105	LLT: 45.7%

LLT lipid-lowering treatment, FH familiar hypercholesterolemia, DM diabetes mellitus, LDLc low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ACS acute coronary syndrome, CHD coronary heart disease, BMI body mass index