Table 3.
Lipid-lowering treatments and LDL cholesterol targets in primary prevention: diabetes mellitus
| Study | Study size | Treatment | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| [33] | N = 1452 (612 DM) patients; 5256 visits | Statins: 92.1% |
LDLc <70 mg/dl: 292 (5.7%) LDLc 70–100 mg/dl non DM: 916 (18%) LDLc 70–100 mg/dl DM: 640 (12.6%) LDLc >100 mg/dl: 3244 (63.7%) |
| [71] | N = 3703 (1445 DM) | Statins: 100% (during at least 3 months) |
LDLc >100 mg/dl: 59.2% of DM patients LDLc >100 mg/dl: 44.5% of non DM patients |
| [72] | N = 1828 (320 DM). 2 visits |
At baseline, 55.4% received ≥1 drug: Statins: 830 (45.4%) Ezetimibe: 126 (6.9%) Statin + ezetimibe: 8 (0.4%) At follow up: Statins: 1232 (67.4%) Ezetimibe: 332 (18.2%) Statin + ezetimibe: 61 (3.3%) |
LDLc <100 mg/dl in DM or CVD and LDLc <115 in high risk patients: Baseline: All 30.5%; CVD 40.4%; DM 35.8% Follow up: All 44.7%; CVD 65.3%; DM 50.4% LDLc <70: CVD 17.9%; DM 16.5% |
| [26] | N = 4402 (1748 DM) |
Statins: 76.7%: Statins + ezetimibe: 18.8% |
LDLc >100 mg/dl: 56.9% LDLc >70 mg/dl: 84.7% |
| [73] | N = 3710 (39% DM) |
Statins: 100% Ezetimibe: 17.4% |
LDLc >100 mg/dl in high risk or >120 mg/dl in low risk: 63.1% CVD (n = 846); LDLc >100 mg/dl: 64.7% |
| [3] |
N = 11,544 Rate of awareness: 53.6% (53.5% males; 53.7% women) |
LLT treatment: 44.1% of patients aware of elevated LDLc 23.7% of all patients with elevated LDLc |
LDLc <115 mg/dl (<100 mg/dl DM and CVD): 40.2% of treated patients (9.5% of total sample with elevated LDLc) LDLc <115 mg/dl (<70 DM and CVD): 31.3% (7.3%) % of DM or CVD patients with LDLc <100 mg/dl: 40.5% or 43.6%, respect % of DM or CVD patients with LDLc <70 mg/dl: 7.0% or 5.2% respectively |
| [67] | N = 2412 |
Before clinical session: Statins: 59.5% Ezetimibe: 0.9% At clinical session: Statins: 65.5% Ezetimibe: 4.2% |
Before clinical session: LDLc <100 mg/dl: 22.7% At clinical session: LDLc <100 mg/dl: 28.6% |
| [68] | N = 1177 | Statins 48% | LDLc <100 mg/dl: 25.6% |
| [74] | N = 4776 (12.5% DM patients) |
In n = 409 DM patients LDL ≤100 mg/dl: 45.3% LDL ≤70 mg/dl: 11.8% |
|
| [66] | N = 771 DM |
Statin: 722 (93.6%) Ezetimibe: 151 (19.6%) |
LDLc >70 mg/dl: 501 (73.4%) LDLc >100 mg/dl: 243 (31.5%) |
| [75] | N = 2704 (1067 DM) | LLT: 1634 (60.4%) |
LDLc <100 mg/dl in DM or CVD; <130 mg/dl others: 930 (34.4%) LDLc <100 mg/dl: 34.7% DM; 34.2% CVD |
| [76] |
N = 1748 DM and CHD N = 2654 DM without CHD |
LLT: 76.7% Statin and ezetimibe: 18.8% |
LDLc >100 mg/dl: 56.9% LDLc >70 mg/dl: 84.7% |
| [69] | N = 320 DM | Statins: 60% | LDLc ≤100 mg/dl: males 41.7%; females 39.1% |
LLT lipid-lowering treatment, FH familiar hypercholesterolemia, DM diabetes mellitus, CVD cardiovascular disease, LDLc low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CHD coronary heart disease