Table 2. Cytogenetic risk stratification of smoldering multiple myeloma.

Risk	Cytogenetic abnormalities	Percentage of patients (N=351)	Median TTP to multiple myeloma (months)a	Median TTP to multiple myeloma or related disorder (months)b	Median OS from SMM diagnosis (months)c	Median OS from MM diagnosis (months)d
High risk	t(4;14) Del(17p) Gain(1q21)e	13%	24	24	105	60
Intermediate risk	Trisomies	42%	34	34	135	77
Standard risk	Other abnormalities (includes t(11;14), t(14;16), t(14;20)), combined IgH translocations and trisomiesf and isolated monosomy 13	30%	55	54	147	86
Low risk	No abnormalities detected on FISHg	15%	Not reached	101	135	112

Abbreviations: FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; IgH, immunoglobulin heavy chain; MM, multiple myeloma; OS, overall survival; SMM, smoldering multiple myeloma; TTP, time to progression.

^aP=0.001, ^bP=0.002, ^cP=0.12 (global); P=0.02 (high risk versus standard risk), ^dP=0.04 Modified from Rajkumar et al.,⁹

^egain(1q21) was not part of this study but was included in the Table based on data from Neben et al.¹⁰

^fExcept t(4;14), which is considered high risk with or without concurrent trisomies.

^gImplies adequate probes used to detect del 17p, 1qamp, trisomies and common IgH translocations.