Table 1. Relationship between clinical/CT signs of patients and malignancy/benignancy in SPNs.
| Characteristics | Benign | Malignant | χ2 | t value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case number | 118 | 176 | |||
| Age (years) | 50.11±10.15 | 61.01±11.36 | 8.411 | 0.000 | |
| Gender (%) | 0.381 | 0.537 | |||
| Male | 54.2 (64/118) | 50.6 (89/176) | |||
| Female | 45.8 (54/118) | 49.4 (87/176) | |||
| Smoking history (%) | |||||
| No | 68.6 (81/118) | 51.7 (91/176) | 8.349 | 0.004 | |
| Smoking quantity, packs/year | 162.0±47.8 | 258.9±71.1 | 8.853 | 0.000 | |
| Family history of cancer (%) | |||||
| No | 94.9 (112/118) | 85.2 (150/176) | 6.835 | 0.009 | |
| Previous cancer history (%) | |||||
| No | 98.3 (116/118) | 98.3 (173/176) | 0.000 | 1.000 | |
| Diameter, cm | 1.82±0.50 | 2.32±0.42 | 9.090 | 0.000 | |
| Clear border (%) | |||||
| No | 51.7 (61/118) | 86.9 (153/176) | 44.283 | 0.000 | |
| Spiculation (%) | |||||
| No | 87.3 (103/118) | 64.8 (114/176) | 18.525 | 0.000 | |
| Lobulation (%) | |||||
| No | 87.3 (103/118) | 73.3 (129/176) | 8.311 | 0.004 | |
| Calcification (%) | |||||
| No | 87.3 (103/118) | 96.0 (169/176) | 7.785 | 0.005 | |
| Cavitation (%) | |||||
| No | 89.8 (106/118) | 88.6 (156/176) | 0.104 | 0.747 | |
| Pleural retraction sign (%) | |||||
| No | 87.3 (103/118) | 75.0 (132/176) | 6.650 | 0.010 | |
| Vascular convergence sign (%) | |||||
| No | 95.8 (113/118) | 92.0 (162/176) | 1.615 | 0.204 | |
| Position (%) | |||||
| LUL | 20.3 (24/118) | 28.4 (50/176) | 7.690 | 0.104 | |
| LLL | 12.7 (15/118) | 11.9 (21/176) | |||
| RUL | 30.5 (36/118) | 29.0 (51/176) | |||
| RML | 20.3 (24/118) | 10.2 (18/176) | |||
| RLL | 16.1 (19/118) | 20.5 (36/176) | |||
| CEA (ng/mL) | 4.30±3.17 | 5.30±2.92 | 2.726 | 0.003 | |
| NSE (ng/mL) | 11.53±6.78 | 14.18±6.64 | 3.322 | 0.001 | |
| Cyfra21-1 (ng/mL) | 2.18±0.69 | 2.93±0.90 | 8.000 | 0.000 |
CT, computed tomography; SPNs, solitary pulmonary nodules; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen.