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. 2015 Jul 20;36(11):1377–1387. doi: 10.1038/aps.2015.51

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Copyright © 2015 CPS and SIMM

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

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IL-37b is proposed to play a supportive role in the differentiation of Tregs/MDSCs in the spleens of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Lymphocytes and myeloid cells originating from the inflamed colon, bone marrow, or spleen are activated by inflammatory mediators during the development of DSS-induced colitis and then begin differentiating into functional cells, such as Tregs and MDSCs. The IL-37b cytokine produced by MSC-IL-37b circulates to the spleen via the blood stream and promotes the differentiation of Tregs and MDSCs. Finally, mature Tregs and MDSCs migrate to the affected colon and exert immunosuppressive activity to limit the harm caused by excessive inflammation.