Table 3.

Multinomial Regression Analysis of Substance Use Behaviors among Violence Groups

	Desisters vs. Non-violent Men	Persisters vs. Non-violent Men	Persisters vs. Desisters
Continuous Variables
Alcohol Use Frequencya,b	0.958 [0.848, 1.082]	0.779 [0.604, 1.005]	0.814 [0.635, 1.043]
Binge Drinking Frequencya,b	1.021 [0.862, 1.209]	0.904 [0.620, 1.318]	0.885 [0.614, 1.276]
Marijuana Use Frequencya,b	1.202 [1.082, 1.335]*	1.191 [0.953, 1.489]	0.991 [0.800, 1.228]
Change in Alcohol Usec	0.997 [0.995, 0.999]*	0.992 [0.988, 0.996]*	0.996 [0.992, 1.000]*
Change in Marijuana Use	0.997 [0.995, 0.999]*	0.992 [0.995, 0.999]*	0.995 [0.992, 0.999]*
Categorical Variables
Any Hard Drug Usea	4.554 [1.994, 10.403]*	8.425 [2.151, 33.005]*	1.850 [0.540, 6.335]
Drug Dealinga	4.277 [1.456, 12.567]*	10.547 [2.410, 46.152]*	2.466 [0.738, 8.238]
Alcohol Use Disorderd	1.921 [1.182, 3.123]*	2.970 [1.097, 8.043]*	1.546 [0.588, 4.047]
Cannabis Use Disorderd	2.301 [0.972, 5.447]	4.425 [1.175, 16.665]*	1.923 [0.587, 6.303]
Hard Drug Use Disorderd	3.672 [1.056, 12.763]*	10.691 [1.997, 57.245]*	2.912 [0.722, 11.748]

Notes. Data are presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals in brackets. All analyses controlled for race and incarceration. Each predictor was tested individually.

^aPast year.

^bLog transformed variables were used.

^cRounded to 3 decimal places but the full confidence interval does not include 1.00.

^dLifetime diagnosis.

^*p < .05