Fig. 5. Enrichment in pro-viral HIV DNA in memory CD4+CTLA-4+ and memory DN CTLA-4– T cells from treatment-naive subjects. (a) Gating strategy used to sort CTLA-4hi, CTLA-4med and CTLA-4– subsets within memory CD45RA–CD4+ T cells from PBMCs of treatment-naive HIV-infected subjects. SSC, side-scatter. (b) Frequency of cells harbouring integrated HIV DNA in each sorted cell subset. CD4, CD4 count (mm–3); VL, viral load [log (copies ml−1)]. (c) Frequency of CD3+CD4–CD8– DN T cells from treatment-naive HIV-infected subjects compared with HIV-negative and cART-treated subjects (n = 13 in each group). Non-parametric Mann–Whitney two-tailed test P values are indicated. (d) Left panel: CTLA-4 levels on total DN T cells from HIV-negative (n = 3) and HIV-1 viraemic subjects (n = 3). Right panel: CTLA-4 expression on DN T cells expressing (or not) CD45RA in a representative HIV-infected subject. (e) Quantification of integrated HIV DNA in memory (CD45RA–) and naive (CD45RA+) subsets of both CD4+ and DN T cells in four HIV-infected viraemic subjects. CD4, CD4 count (mm–3); VL, viral load [log (copies ml−1)].
