Table 4.
Joint effects of average telomere length and telomere length variation on bladder cancer risk, using the median of all subjects as cutoffs
| Avg_TL/TLV | N | OR | (95% CI) | P-for-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | ||||
| All subject | |||||
| Short/low | 16 | 80 | Ref | ||
| Short/high | 66 | 77 | 3.55 | (1.79–7.04) | |
| Long/low | 70 | 73 | 4.77 | (2.37–9.59) | |
| Long/high | 72 | 23 | 14.68 | (6.74–31.98) | <0.001 |
| Age ≤ 60 | |||||
| Short/low | 4 | 43 | Ref | ||
| Short/high | 24 | 31 | 5.99 | (1.83–19.60) | |
| Long/low | 39 | 38 | 8.38 | (2.68–26.19) | |
| Long/high | 39 | 9 | 41.08 | (10.68–158.07) | <0.001 |
| Age > 60 | |||||
| Short/low | 31 | 35 | ref | ||
| Short/high | 33 | 14 | 2.74 | (1.14–6.58) | |
| Long/low | 12 | 37 | 3.12 | (1.23–7.87) | |
| Long/high | 42 | 46 | 7.52 | (2.74–20.64) | <0.001 |
The penalized likelihood approach was used in the estimates when data are sparse (cell count <5). The median values of all subjects were used as cutoffs when creating groups. ORs were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking status and education.
Avg_TL, average telomere length; TLV, telomere length variation.