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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 14.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2015 Oct 14;18(4):471–477. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.09.004

Figure 4. GAS Inhibition of Cathelicidin Permits Invasive Infection.

Figure 4

(A-H) Mice were infected subcutaneously with the GAS strains indicated for 72 h. (A, E) GAS mutant for M protein (Δemm1; Δemm49) formed smaller lesions in cathelicidin-expressing mice (wild-type, C57Bl/6), but the capacity to form lesions was restored for Δemm1 in CRAMP−/− mice. Average lesion sizes enumerated in (B, F) demonstrate these differences are significant. (C, G), Lesions were excised, homogenized, and CFU enumerated by dilution plating. (D, H) Growth index, measuring growth of wild-type bacteria compared to emm-mutants, showed wild-type GAS outcompeting mutant bacteria 10-fold except for in CRAMP−/− mice where M1 and M1 Δemm1 grew comparably. Means ± s.d. (n=5) are shown; *p< 0.05. Figures are representative of at least 3 independent experiments.