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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol. 2015 Aug 20;49(7):631–637. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2015.08.001

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

A) TGFβ1 levels in conditioned medium of hypothalamic astrocytes following 18 h of exposure to astrocyte-defined medium (ADM), ADM + alcohol (50 mM), IGF-1 (100 ng/mL), and IGF-1 + alcohol. Alcohol inhibited TGFβ1 secretion from hypothalamic astrocytes over basal release (ADM). IGF-1 increased the amount of TGFβ1 released and alcohol blocked this increase. B) LHRH release from GN-11 neurons after 60-min incubation in astrocyte-conditioned media (ACM) from the groups in 6A. ACM was added to the wells but no additional alcohol was added to the wells. LHRH release was reduced when exposed to the ACM with alcohol as compared to ACM only. GN-11 cells exposed to ACM medium with IGF-1 have augmented LHRH release over basal release and this increase did not occur when neurons were exposed to ACM with IGF-1 + alcohol. N = 6 wells/group. a vs. c: p < 0.01; b vs. c: p < 0.01; a vs. b: p < 0.05.