Table 4.
Conditions for knowledge utilization identified in the studies included in the review
| Conditions facilitating research results use | Conditions inhibiting research results use |
|---|---|
| A strategy that… | |
| Uses a participative approach | Does not involve continuing education sessions |
| Facilitates communication between agents and users, and among the different partners | Provides training that is too brief or too intensive |
| Involves local leaders | Does not promote communication among the different partners, agents and users, nor with those in charge of the implementation |
| Has low costs | |
| Makes it possible to get rapid feedback | |
| Is accessible (transportation) and flexible (schedule) | |
| Involves a method of supervision | |
| A transfer agent who… | |
| Is highly devoted and committed to the population | Is not sufficiently knowledgeable |
| Makes him/herself available to users | Lacks communication skills |
| Receives payment commensurate with the workload | Does not have the resources needed to carry out tasks (limited means of transportation) |
| Is too poorly paid | |
| Users who… | |
| See the benefits of using the knowledge that is transferred | Do not believe they need the knowledge being transferred |
| Present sufficient and accurate knowledge in relation to the evidence provided | Lack knowledge on the different aspects of the disease |
| Recognize the value of the evidence presented | Have financial constraints and are not ready to pay the price for essential products |
| Have transportation constraints that make it difficult for them to access services | |
| Have beliefs and cultural practices that are in contradiction with the recommendations | |
| Are resistant to change | |
| Lack motivation | |
| An organizational setting that… | |
| Facilitates the delegation of tasks among professionals | Lacks the necessary resources: space, products, and teaching materials |
| Fosters communication among partners, agents, and organizers of the strategies | Provides inadequate services and incomplete information and education |
| Value transfer activities and support agents in their activities (social acceptability) | Does not understand the community’s involvement and participation in the transfer process |
| Is able to receive and absorb user demands to deliver products recommended by evidence (condoms, vaccinations, primary care services, etc.) | Has a high staff turnover rate |
| Does not provide the support required for supervision | |
| Does not enable users to access the essential products recommended by research results | |
| Knowledge that… | |
| Is tailored to the context | Is too complicated to understand |
| Is transmitted in ways that respect users’ level of education | Is not available |
| Is available | |