Table 1.
Incident DXA by Sample Characteristics
| Characteristica | No. of Sample (column %) | No. with Incident DXA (row %) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 50,995 (100) | 10,300 (20.2) |
| Age, yearsb | ||
| 40–49 | 15,415 (30.2) | 874 (5.7) |
| 50–59 | 19,819 (38.9) | 4,713 (23.8) |
| 60–64 | 5,883 (11.5) | 1,758 (29.9) |
| 65–74 | 6,717 (13.2) | 2,243 (33.4) |
| ≥ 75 | 3,161 (6.2) | 712 (22.5) |
| Race/ethnicityc | ||
| White | 25,431 (49.9) | 6,419 (25.2) |
| Hispanic | 3,278 (6.4) | 629 (19.2) |
| Black | 3,021 (5.9) | 454 (15.0) |
| Asian | 2,574 (5.0) | 613 (23.8) |
| Otherd | 2,865 (5.6) | 488 (17.0) |
| Unknown | 13,826 (27.1) | 1,697 (12.3) |
| Smoking Statuse | ||
| Never | 32,680 (64.1) | 6,703 (20.5) |
| Current | 5,192 (10.2) | 778 (15.0) |
| Former | 11,496 (22.5) | 2,777 (24.2) |
| Unknown | 1,627 (3.2) | 42 (2.6) |
| BMI | ||
| < 20 | 2,110 (4.1) | 442 (20.9) |
| 20–< 25 | 13,495 (26.5) | 3,105 (23.0) |
| 25–< 30 | 13,958 (27.4) | 3,218 (23.1) |
| ≥ 30 | 16,512 (32.4) | 3,230 (19.6) |
| Unknown | 4,920 (9.6) | 305 (6.2) |
| Glucocorticoid Usef | ||
| No | 48,246 (94.6) | 9,671 (20.0) |
| Yes | 2,749 (5.4) | 629 (22.9) |
| Secondary Osteoporosisg | ||
| No | 49,186 (96.5) | 9,828 (20.0) |
| Yes | 1,809 (3.5) | 472 (26.1) |
| Previous High-Risk Fractureh | ||
| No | 49,831 (97.7) | 9,801 (19.7) |
| Yes | 1,164 (2.3) | 498 (42.8) |
| Rheumatoid Arthritisi | ||
| No | 50,308 (98.7) | 10,093 (20.1) |
| Yes | 687 (1.3) | 207 (30.1) |
| Alcohol Abusej | ||
| No | 50,055 (98.2) | 10,156 (20.3) |
| Yes | 940 (1.8) | 144 (15.3) |
| Risk Factors Combinedk | ||
| No | 42,680 (83.7) | 8,217(19.3) |
| Yes | 8,315 (16.3) | 2,083 (25.1) |
| Insurance | ||
| PPO/HMO | 35,501 (69.6) | 6,955 (19.6) |
| Medicaid | 1,603 (3.1) | 218 (13.6) |
| Medicare | 10,616 (20.8) | 2,870 (27.0) |
| Other | 1,852 (3.6) | 172 (9.3) |
| Unknown | 1,423 (2.8) | 85 (6.0) |
| Primary Care Visit Count | ||
| < 5 | 42,614 (83.6) | 7,411 (17.4) |
| 5 to 9 | 7,363 (14.4) | 2,513 (34.1) |
| ≥ 10 | 1,018 (2.0) | 376 (36.9) |
| Specialist Visit Count | ||
| < 5 | 42,988 (84.3) | 7,949 (18.5) |
| 5 to 9 | 5,450 (10.7) | 1,548 (28.4) |
| ≥ 10 | 2,557 (5.0) | 803 (31.4) |
| Ob/Gyn Visit | ||
| No | 44,768 (87.8) | 9,426 (21.1) |
| Yes | 6,227 (12.2) | 874 (14.0) |
| Endocrinology Visit | ||
| No | 49,537 (97.1) | 9,802 (19.8) |
| Yes | 1,458 (2.9) | 498 (34.2) |
| No. of Inpatient Admissions | ||
| None | 47,504 (93.2) | 9,626 (20.3) |
| ≥ 1 | 3,491 (6.8) | 674 (19.3) |
| Mammogram Completed | ||
| No | 31,934 (62.6) | 2,947 (9.2) |
| Yes | 19,061 (37.4) | 7,353 (38.6) |
Abbreviations: DXA Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BMI Body mass index, PPO/HMO Preferred provider organization/health maintenance organization, OB/Gyn Obstetrics/Gynecology
a During last year of study eligibility unless otherwise noted
b As of January 1st of last year of study eligibility (i.e., the year of DXA for women who received DXA)
c If more than one listed, grouped in the following order: Hispanic, Asian, Black, Other, White, Unknown
d Includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islander, North African, Iranian, Other Asian/Mideastern or Other
e If unknown during last year of study eligibility but known at time of data abstraction, status as listed at time of data abstraction
f Received ≥ 1 glucocorticoid prescription
g The following ICD-9-CM diagnoses: diabetes mellitus, type 1 (250.x1, 250.x3), osteogenesis imperfecta (756.51), hyperthyroidism (242.x), premature menopause (256.3), malnutrition (260–263), malabsorption (579.x), or chronic liver disease or cirrhosis (571.x)
h The following ICD-9-CM diagnoses: humeral fractures (812.x, 733.11); Colles’ fracture of wrist (813.41, 813.51, 733.12); spinal compression fracture (805.2, 805.4, 805.6, 805.8, 733.13, 829, V15.51); and hip fracture (820.X, 733.14)
iDiagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory polyarthropathies (ICD-9-CM 714.xx)
j The following ICD-9-CM diagnoses: alcohol dependence or abuse (303.x, 305.0), alcohol psychosis and withdrawal (291.1-291.9), or alcoholic liver disease (571.1-571.2)
k One or more of the following: BMI < 20, glucocorticoid use, secondary osteoporosis, previous fracture, rheumatoid arthritis or alcohol abuse