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. 2015 Oct 21;5(10):e008846. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008846

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Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Percentages of individuals whose calculated osmolarity fell within 2% of measured osmolality, by equation and by specific conditions*. DM: diabetes mellitus. *In assessing by alcohol intake we had limited information on recent alcohol intake in any cohort, but Dehydration Recognition In our Elders (DRIE) participants reported very low alcohol intake, and the Dietary Strategies for Healthy Ageing in Europe (NU-AGE) participants had usual alcohol intake assessments so we separated out those who drank ≥21 g alcohol/week (intake mean plus one SD). For Pfortmueller we separated out alcoholics, other cohorts were not represented.