Table 3.
Proximate composition and energy content of cooked staple and accompanied relish
| Meal type | Median portiona | n b | Moisture [ %/100 g] | Energy [kcal/100 g] | Ash | Fat | Protein | Available Carbohydrate | Fibre |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ % per 100 g dry weight] | |||||||||
| Staple | |||||||||
| Whole maize ugali | 110 | 66 | 62.51 ± 0.44 | 138.68 | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 1.28 ± 0.02 | 4.38 ± 0.04 | 27.41 | 3.53 ± 0.04 |
| Dehulled maize ugali | 140 | 66 | 66.15 ± 0.46 | 129.01 | 0.60 ± 0.00 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 2.08 ± 0.02 | 28.85 | 1.74 ± 0.02 |
| Dehulled and soaked maize ugali | 140 | 66 | 69.12 ± 0.48 | 120.44 | 0.53 ± 0.00 | 0.39 ± 0.02 | 0.28 ± 0.00 | 28.96 | 0.73 ± 0.01 |
| Whole sorghum stiff ugali | 110 | 66 | 63.65 ± 0.45 | 129.33 | 0.97 ± 0.01 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 3.85 ± 0.04 | 26.31 | 4.26 ± 0.05 |
| Rice cooked | 105 | 2 | 63.84 ± 0.45 | 145.03 | 0.88 ± 0.01 | 1.61 ± 0.03 | 4.18 ± 0.04 | 28.45 | 1.04 ± 0.01 |
| Relish | |||||||||
| Beef relish | 65 | 10 | 65.86 ± 0.46 | 190.13 | 2.05 ± 0.01 | 12.91 ± 0.25 | 18.05 ± 0.16 | 0.44 | 0.69 ± 0.01 |
| Fish relish | 90 | 2 | 62.57 ± 0.44 | 191.49 | 2.45 ± 0.02 | 10.44 ± 0.20 | 23.84 ± 0.22 | 0.54 | 0.16 ± 0.00 |
| Sardines relish | 82.5 | 4 | 63.59 ± 0.44 | 173.45 | 2.00 ± 0.01 | 7.48 ± 0.14 | 26.20 ± 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.40 ± 0.00 |
| Fermented cow’s milk | 150 | 3 | 89.20 ± 0.62 | 58.30 | 1.26 ± 0.01 | 4.03 ± 0.08 | 2.70 ± 0.02 | 2.81 | NA |
| Bean relish with tomato | 90 | 12 | 71.35 ± 0.49 | 98.13 | 2.18 ± 0.01 | 2.06 ± 0.04 | 3.70 ± 0.03 | 16.20 | 4.51 ± 0.05 |
| Bean relish without tomato | 72.5 | 12 | 71.22 ± 0.49 | 95.75 | 2.19 ± 0.01 | 1.47 ± 0.03 | 4.68 ± 0.04 | 15.95 | 4.49 ± 0.05 |
| Chinese cabbage | 54 | 44 | 71.84 ± 0.50 | 106.32 | 3.11 ± 0.02 | 8.21 ± 0.16 | 2.35 ± 0.02 | 5.75 | 8.74 ± 0.10 |
| Sweet potato leaves | 54 | 44 | 74.47 ± 0.52 | 73.41 | 4.14 ± 0.03 | 4.17 ± 0.08 | 1.27 ± 0.01 | 7.69 | 8.26 ± 0.10 |
| Fresh Cowpea leaves | 54 | 44 | 71.35 ± 0.49 | 129.61 | 3.04 ± 0.02 | 9.78 ± 0.19 | 4.75 ± 0.04 | 5.64 | 5.44 ± 0.06 |
| Dried Cowpea leaves | 50 | 44 | 75.04 ± 0.53 | 111.76 | 2.34 ± 0.01 | 9.81 ± 0.19 | 3.08 ± 0.03 | 2.79 | 6.94 ± 0.08 |
| Pumpkin leaves | 54 | 44 | 74.80 ± 0.52 | 85.28 | 5.08 ± 0.03 | 6.27 ± 0.12 | 3.19 ± 0.03 | 4.01 | 6.64 ± 0.08 |
| Jute mallow leaves with groundnuts | 54 | 44 | 76.80 ± 0.54 | 66.56 | 4.83 ± 0.03 | 1.98 ± 0.04 | 2.52 ± 0.03 | 9.67 | 4.21 ± 0.05 |
| Jute mallow leaves without groundnuts | 50 | 44 | 75.47 ± 0.53 | 64.34 | 5.62 ± 0.03 | 1.41 ± 0.03 | 3.42 ± 0.03 | 9.49 | 4.59 ± 0.05 |
| Kale leaves | 50 | 44 | 72.56 ± 0.51 | 103.96 | 4.88 ± 0.03 | 7.93 ± 0.15 | 2.17 ± 0.02 | 5.98 | 6.48 ± 0.07 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD on a dry-weight basis. NA-not analysed
aInfant median portion sizes in grams per meal recorded from the 24-hour dietary recall among infants aged 6–11 months
bNumber of infants reported to have consumed the meal on the day of the 24-hour dietary recall. Infants who had 2 or more meals per day consumed same staple, same relish or a different type of relish