Table 3.
Baseline clinical characteristics. Data are number (%), median [interquartile range] or mean (standard deviation)
| With valid data | All/BP | IS/lipids | ICH | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 83 | 83 | 77 | 6 |
| Age (years) + | 83 | 74.0 (6.8) | 74.3 (6.6) | 70.8 (8.4) |
| >75 (%) | 83 | 42 (50.6) | 39 (50.6) | 3 (50.0) |
| Sex, male (%) + | 83 | 64 (77.1) | 61 (79.2) | 3 (50) |
| Time to randomisation [months] + | 83 | 4.5 [1.3] | 4.5 [1.2] | 3.8 [1.7] |
| <4 (%) | 83 | 21 (25.3) | 17 (22.1) | 4 (66.7) |
| Medical history (%) | ||||
| Memory problem | 77 | 34 (44.2) | 30 (42.3) | 4 (66.7) |
| If yes, length (months) | 34 | 4.8 (2.7) | 4.9 (2.9) | 4.3 (1.5) |
| Depression, recent | 83 | 4 (4.8) | 4 (5.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Hypertension, treated | ||||
| Pre-index stroke | 83 | 51 (61.4) | 47 (61.0) | 4 (66.7) |
| Post-index stroke | 83 | 18 (21.7) | 16 (20.8) | 2 (33.3) |
| Neither | 83 | 14 (16.9) | 14 (18.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Hypertension treated with | ||||
| Life style measures only | 69 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Medications only | 69 | 36 (52.2) | 34 (54.0) | 2 (33.3) |
| Both | 69 | 30 (43.5) | 26 (41.3) | 4 (66.7) |
| Neither | 69 | 3 (4.3) | 3 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 83 | 73 (88.0) | 68 (88.3) | 5 (83.3) |
| Life style measures only | 73 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) |
| Medications only | 73 | 46 (63.0) | 44 (64.7) | 2 (40.0) |
| Both | 73 | 24 (32.9) | 22 (32.4) | 2 (40.0) |
| Neither | 73 | 2 (2.7) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 83 | 17 (20.5) | 16 (20.8) | 1 (16.7) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 83 | 15 (18.1) | 15 (19.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Stroke | 83 | 8 (9.6) | 8 (10.4) | 0 (0.0) |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 83 | 16 (19.3) | 15 (19.5) | 1 (16.7) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 83 | 20 (24.1) | 19 (24.7) | 1 (16.7) |
| Myocardial infarction | 83 | 11 (13.3) | 11 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Angina | 83 | 18 (21.7) | 17 (22.1) | 1 (16.7) |
| Peripheral artery disease | 83 | 5 (6.0) | 5 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Young stroke in first degree | 83 | 10 (12.0) | 10 (13.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Relative smoking (%) | ||||
| Current | 83 | 5 (6.0) | 5 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Past | 83 | 51 (61.4) | 48 (62.3) | 3 (50.0) |
| Never | 83 | 27 (32.5) | 24 (31.2) | 3 (50.0) |
| Alcohol (%) | ||||
| >21 | 83 | 3 (3.6) | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| <21 | 83 | 56 (67.5) | 52 (67.5) | 4 (66.7) |
| None | 83 | 24 (28.9) | 22 (28.6) | 2 (33.3) |
| Median [upw] | 83 | 3 [0, 10] | 4 [0, 10] | 1 [0, 1] |
| BP tablets (%) + | ||||
| 0 | 83 | 14 (16.9) | 14 (18.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| 1 | 83 | 28 (33.7) | 25 (32.5) | 3 (50.0) |
| 2 | 83 | 29 (34.9) | 28 (36.4) | 1 (16.7) |
| 3 | 83 | 11 (13.3) | 9 (11.7) | 2 (33.3) |
| > = 4 | 83 | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Median [IQR] | 83 | 1 [1, 2] | 1 [1, 2] | 1.5 [1, 3] |
| Lipid tablets (%) | ||||
| Any statin + | 83 | 79 (95.2) | 75 (97.4) | 4 (66.7) |
| Atorvastatin | 79 | 21 (26.6) | 19 (25.3) | 2 (50.0) |
| Fluvastatin | 79 | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Rosuvastatin | 79 | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Simvastatin | 79 | 55 (69.6) | 53 (70.7) | 2 (50.0) |
| Pre-morbid mRS (%) + mRS 0 | 83 | 20 (24.1) | 18 (23.4) | 2 (33.3) |
| mRS 1 | 83 | 40 (48.2) | 37 (48.1) | 3 (50.0) |
| mRS 2 | 83 | 19 (22.9) | 18 (23.4) | 1 (16.7) |
| mRS > 2 ^ | 83 | 4 (4.8) | 4 (5.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Mean (SD) | 83 | 1.08 (0.8) | 1.10 (0.8) | 0.83 (0.8) |
| Hand dominance (%) Right | 83 | 76 (91.6) | 70 (90.9) | 6 (100.0) |
| Left | 83 | 6 (7.2) | 6 (7.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Both | 83 | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Side of weakness, left (%) | 63 | 32 (50.8) | 30 (50.0) | 2 (66.7) |
| NIHSS (%) Mean (SD) + | 83 | 0.77 (1.1) | 0.78 (1.1) | 0.67 (0.8) |
| Median [IQR] | 83 | 0 [0,1] | 0 [0,1] | 0.5 [0,1] |
| OCSP classification (%) Total anterior + | 83 | 6 (7.2) | 6 (7.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Partial anterior | 83 | 36 (43.4) | 32 (41.6) | 4 (66.7) |
| Lacunar | 83 | 34 (41.0) | 32 (41.6) | 2 (33.3) |
| Posterior | 83 | 7 (8.4) | 7 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| Addenbrooke's Cognitive Exam-R + | 83 | 86.1 (7.7) | 86.0 (7.6) | 87.5 (9.9) |
| MMSE | 83 | 27.9 (2.0) | 27.9 (1.9) | 27.7 (2.7) |
| Telephone MMSE | 83 | 20.4 (1.8) | 20.4 (1.7) | 20.3 (2.7) |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 83 | 24.0 (2.6) | 24.1 (2.6) | 22.7 (2.5) |
| TICS-M | 83 | 24.1 (4.2) | 24.3 (4.2) | 22.2 (2.6) |
| Stroop: Part 1 time (sec) | 83 | 54.7 | 54.6 (20.5) | 55.5 (23.6) |
| Stroop: Part 1 score | 83 | (20.6) 0.97 (0.0) | 0.97 (0.0) | 0.99 (0.0) |
| Stroop: Part 2 time (sec) | 83 | 46.1 | 46.0 (19.9) | 46.6 (31.5) |
| Stroop: Part 2 score | 83 | (20.7) 0.97 (0.0) | 0.97 (0.0) | 0.96 (0.1) |
| Stroop: Part 3 time (sec) | 83 | 66.9 | 67.3 (34.8) | 62.2 (32.9) |
| Stroop: Part 3 score | 83 | (34.5) 0.83 (0.2) | 0.83 (0.2) | 0.79 (0.3) |
| Stroop: Interference time (Parts 3-2) (sec) | 83 | 20.9 | 21.3 (22.3) | 15.6 (21.2) |
| Stroop - Interference score (Parts 32) | 83 | (22.1) -0.14 (0.2) | -0.14 (0.2) | -0.17 (0.3) |
| Trail making A time (sec) | 83 | 57.1 | 58.1 (30.7) | 43.7 (12.0) |
| Trail making A score | 83 | (30.0) 24.6 (2.8) | 24.6 (2.9) | 25.0 (0.0) |
| Trail making B time (sec) | 83 | 155.5 | 151.5 | 207.2 |
| Trail making B score | 83 | (90.8) 22.1 (5.5) | (78.9) 21.9 (5.7) | (192.6) 24.8 (0.4) |
| IQCODE (from informant) | 83 | 3.0 (0.5) | 3.0 (0.5) | 3.2 (0.2) |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) + | 83 | 147.1 | 147.7 | 139.8 |
| <140 (%) | 83 | (18.6) 32 (38.6) | (18.6) 30 (39.0) | (18.3) 2 (33.3) |
| <125 (%) | 83 | 9 (10.8) | 8 (10.4) | 1 (16.7) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 83 | 82.1 (11.1) | 82.3 (11.1) | 80.1 (13.1) |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 83 | 71.5 (14.2) | 71.7 (14.1) | 69.5 (16.7) |
| Lipids (mmol/L) | ||||
| Total cholesterol + | 83 | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.3 (1.2) |
| Triglycerides | 82 | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.6 (0.6) |
| HDL cholesterol | 81 | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.5) |
| LDL cholesterol | 80 | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.0 (0.7) | 1.9 (1) |
| Non-HDL cholesterol | 81 | 2.6 (0.8) | 2.6 (0.8) | 2.8 (0.8) |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min) | 79 | 67.5 (11.6) | 68.0 (11.3) | 60.8 (13.7) |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 77 | 5.6 (1.6) | 5.6 (1.6) | 5.7 (2.0) |
Percentages are calculated from the number of patients with data for that particular variable
+ Minimisation variable - from June 2013 limited to age, ACE-R, systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol because of low recruitment ^ Protocol violation
BP: blood pressure; bpm: beats per minute; HDL: high density lipoprotein; IS: ischaemic stroke; ICH: intracerebral haemorrhage; LDL: low density lipoprotein; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OCSP: Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project; TICS-M: Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified
Memory problem: As reported by patient or informant in response to direct questioning, and information from hospital records
MoCA: Estimated from ACE-R with addition of missing questions for attention (reading list of digits forwards and backwards, reading list of letters and tap with hand at each letter A) and abstraction (similarity between banana and orange, similarity between train and bicycle) and use of the ACE-R, not MoCA, picture of an animal. Non-HDL cholesterol = total cholesterol – HDL cholesterol