Table 3.
Predictors for contrast-induced acute kidney injury
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value |
| Randomization to metformin | 1.07 (0.61–1.88) | 0.82 | 0.96 (0.52–1.75) | 0.88 |
| Age (per 5 years increase) | 1.08 (0.95–1.21) | 0.24 | 1.31 (1.14–1.55) | <0.01 |
| Female sex | 1.67 (0.91–3.07) | 0.10 | ||
| Ischemia time (per 5 mins increase) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | <0.01 | ||
| Anemiaa | 0.73 (0.34–1.57) | 0.42 | ||
| Pre-intervention TIMI-flow | 0.79 (0.62–1.01) | 0.06 | ||
| Contrast dose (per 5 ml increase) | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.07 | ||
| Length of procedure (per 5 mins increase) | 1.05 (0.99–1.13) | 0.13 | ||
| eGFRb (per 5 ml/min/1.72 m2 increase) | 1.12 (1.01–1.24) | 0.03 | 1.33 (1.14–1.55) | <0.01 |
| CK (per 10 U/L increase) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | <0.01 | ||
| Myocardial band of CK (per 5 U/L increase) | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | <0.01 | ||
| NT-proBNPc | 2.08 (1.28–3.38) | <0.01 | 1.91 (1.10–3.32) | 0.02 |
| Initiation of a coumarin derivative during hospitalizationd | 3.70 (1.39–9.86) | <0.01 | ||
| Initiation of a MRA during hospitalizatione | 3.60 (1.72–7.57) | <0.01 | 3.30 (1.51–7.23) | <0.01 |
When included in the multivariate analysis, contrast dose was not associated with the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (OR: 1.01 per 10 ml increase, 95%CI 0.98–1.03, P = 0.60). OR odds ratio, 95%CI 95 % confidence interval, TIMI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CK creatine kinase, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide
aDefined as Hb <13.7 mg/dl (<8.5 mmol/L) in men and Hb <12.1 mg/dl (<7.5 mmol/L) in women
bCalculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration study equation
cLog transformed
dIn total, coumarine derivatives were initiated in 19 (5.0 %) patients during hospitalization on clinical indication
eIn total, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists were initiated in 38 (10.0 %) patients during hospitalization on clinical indication