Table 1.
Clinical and demographic information for the study sample.
| HC | SZ | PBP | SZA | SZR | PBPR | SZAR | Statistic | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects (No.) | 110 | 105 | 87 | 72 | 82 | 80 | 71 | ||
| Mean agea (years) (SD) | 38.34 (12.36) | 33.03 (11.7) | 35.51 (13.25) | 34.47 (11.35) | 44.87 (15.19) | 42.66 (14.9) | 44.31 (14.74) | F6,600 = 11.42 | <0.001 |
| Sexb (male/female) | 49/61 | 72/33 | 32/55 | 35/37 | 29/53 | 26/54 | 28/43 | <<0.0001 | |
| Baltimore | 17 | 31 | 27 | 16 | 19 | 26 | 16 | – | – |
| Bostonc | 14 | 16 | 12 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 3 | – | – |
| Chicago | 16 | 14 | 17 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 5 | – | – |
| Dallas | 21 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 9 | – | – |
| Detroitc | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 3 | – | – |
| Hartford | 36 | 33 | 26 | 37 | 38 | 33 | 35 | – | |
| Group-by-site effectsd | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | <<0.001 | |
| Mean epochs (SD) | 111.26 (35.12) |
115.96 (35.35) |
113.62 (37.93) |
111.07 (34.57) |
107.48 (30.71) |
118.06 (38.3) |
110.39 (34.41) |
F6,600 = 0.87 | 0.52 |
| Ethnicitye | <<0.0001 | ||||||||
| Caucasian | 50 | 46 | 59 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 50 | ||
| African-American | 37 | 47 | 13 | 18 | 22 | 9 | 15 | ||
| Hispanic | 11 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 3 | ||
| Asian | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Mixed | 7 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||
| CPZf equivalents | 484.9 (386.78) | 307.9 (269.34) | 465.38 (357.7) | 203.7 (188.82) | 72.9 | 346.29 (278.2) | |||
| PANSS-positive | |||||||||
| Range | 7–31 | 7–23 | 7–32 | – | – | – | |||
| Mean (SD) | 16.34 (5.46) | 11.76 (4.1) | 17.24 (5.38) | – | – | – | |||
| PANSS-negative | |||||||||
| Range | 7–33 | 7–30 | 7–30 | – | – | – | |||
| Mean (SD) | 15.4 (5.53) | 11.67 (4.06) | 15.22 (5.04) | – | – | – | |||
| PANSS-general | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 30.64 (8.44) | 26.98 (7.26) | 33.29 (8.6) | – | – | – | |||
| SBS | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 7.88 (1.1) | 1.47 (1.29) | 5.11 (1.44) | – | – | – | |||
| YMRS score | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 5.66 (5.39) | 5.13 (5.9) | 8.3 (6.68) | – | – | – | |||
| MADRS score | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 8.88 (8.08) | 10.04 (9.79) | 14.94 (10.12) | – | – | – |
aSZ probands <HC group.
bDisproportionate number of males in probands and disproportionate number of females in psychotic bipolar probands.
cSince identical EEG equipment was used to collect data at both Boston and Detroit sites, which were managed by the same investigator (two sites were merged in the study). Site was used as a factor with five levels in the statistical analysis.
dPatients, relatives, and healthy controls were not uniformly distributed across data collection site.
eRace was not balanced across groups, particularly there were more Caucasians.
fCPZ was available for only one relative of PBP.
CPZ, chlorpromazine; HC, healthy comparison; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PBP, psychotic bipolar disorder; PBPR, relatives of psychotic bipolar probands; SBS, Schizo-Bipolar Scale; SZ, schizophrenia; SZA, schizoaffective; SZAR, relatives of schizoaffective probands; SZR, relatives of schizophrenia probands.