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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 9.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet A. 2015 Jan 13;0(2):324–330. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36903

Table III.

Effects of Dysphagia and Congenital Heart Disease on Obstructive Sleep Apnea1 among Infants with Down Syndrome Seen at the Down Syndrome Program at Riley Hospital for Children, August 2005 to December 2011

B2 S.E.2 Wald2 df2 Sig.2 Exp(B)2
Step 13 Dysphagia −1.392 0.349 15.942 1 0.000* 0.249
Constant −0.112 0.212 0.281 1 0.596 0.894
Step 24 Congenital Heart Disease5 −0.816 0.350 5.446 1 0.020 0.442
Dysphagia −1.492 0.360 17.190 1 0.000* 0.225
Constant 0.390 0.306 1.630 1 0.202 1.477
1

Obstructive sleep apnea defined by Apnea Hypopnea Index of 2 or more.

2

B- regression coefficient for the constant; S.E.- standard error around coefficient for the constant; Wald chi-square- tests null hypothesis that the constant equals 0; df- degrees of freedom for Wald chi-square test; Sig.- null hypothesis rejected when p-value is <0.001; Exp(B)- odds ratio

3

Variable entered in regression analysis on step 1, dysphagia.

4

Variables entered in regression analysis on step 2, dysphagia and congenital heart disease. The combination of dysphagia and congenital heart disease demonstrates increased statistical significance in regard to the criterion, obstructive sleep apnea.

5

Including atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, atrioventricular canal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, aortic coarctation, and patent ductus arteriosus.

*

Denotes statistical significance.