Table S1.
Codes for the identification of gastrointestinal events
| Description | |
|---|---|
| ICD-9-CM code | |
| 456.0 | Esophageal varices with hemorrhage |
| 456.1 | Esophageal varices without hemorrhage |
| 530.0x | Achalasia and cardiospasm |
| 530.1x | Esophagitis |
| 530.2 | Ulcer of esophagus |
| 530.2 | Ulcer of esophagus without bleeding |
| 530.21 | Ulcer of esophagus with bleeding |
| 530.3 | Stricture of esophagus |
| 530.4 | Perforation of esophagus |
| 530.5 | Dyskinesia of esophagus |
| 530.7 | Mallory–Weiss syndrome |
| 530.81 | Esophageal reflux (GERD) |
| 530.82 | Esophageal hemorrhage |
| 530.84 | Tracheoesophageal fistula |
| 530.89 | Other disorders of the esophagus |
| 531.xx | Gastric ulcer |
| 531 | Gastric ulcer, acute with hemorrhage |
| 531.1 | Gastric ulcer, acute with perforation |
| 531.2 | Gastric ulcer, acute with hemorrhage and perforation |
| 531.3 | Gastric ulcer, acute without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 531.4 | Gastric ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage |
| 531.5 | Gastric ulcer, chronic or unspecified with perforation |
| 531.6 | Gastric ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage and perforation |
| 531.7 | Gastric ulcer, chronic without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 531.9 | Gastric ulcer, unspecified as acute or chronic, without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 532.xx | Duodenal ulcer |
| 532 | Duodenal ulcer, acute with perforation |
| 532.1 | Duodenal ulcer, acute with hemorrhage |
| 532.2 | Duodenal ulcer, acute with hemorrhage and perforation |
| 532.3 | Duodenal ulcer, acute without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 532.4 | Duodenal ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage |
| 532.5 | Duodenal ulcer, chronic or unspecified with perforation |
| 532.6 | Duodenal ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage and perforation |
| 532.7 | Duodenal ulcer, chronic without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 532.9 | Duodenal ulcer, unspecified as acute or chronic, without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 533.xx | Peptic ulcer, site NOS |
| 533 | Peptic ulcer, acute with hemorrhage |
| 533.1 | Peptic ulcer, acute with perforation |
| 533.2 | Peptic ulcer, acute with perforation and hemorrhage |
| 533.3 | Peptic ulcer, acute without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 533.4 | Peptic ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage |
| 533.5 | Peptic ulcer, chronic or unspecified with perforation |
| 533.6 | Peptic ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage and perforation |
| 533.7 | Peptic ulcer, chronic without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 533.9 | Peptic ulcer, unspecified as acute or chronic, without hemorrhage or perforation |
| 534 | Gastrojejunal ulcer |
| 534.1 | Gastrojejunal ulcer |
| 534.2 | Gastrojejunal ulcer |
| 534.3 | Gastrojejunal ulcer |
| 535.0x | Acute gastritis |
| 535.11 | Atrophic gastritis with hemorrhage |
| 535.21 | Gastric mucosal hypertrophy with hemorrhage |
| 535.4x | Gastritis NEC |
| 535.5x | Gastritis/duodenitis NOS |
| 535.6x | Duodenitis |
| 536.2 | Persistent vomiting |
| 536.8 | Dyspepsia and other specified disorders of function of stomach |
| 536.9 | Stomach function disorders NOS |
| 537.4 | Gastric/duodenal fistula |
| 537.8x | Gastroduodenal disorders NEC |
| 537.9 | Gastroduodenal disorders NOS |
| 569.83 | Perforation of intestine |
| 578.xx | GI hemorrhage |
| 787.0x | Nausea and vomiting |
| 787.1 | Heartburn |
| 787.2 | Dysphagia |
| 789.0x | Abdominal pain |
| 792.1 | Abnormal stool/occult blood |
| 793.4 | Abnormal exam GI tract |
| CPT-4 code | |
| 43200 | Endoscopy, rigid or flexible; diagnostic, with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure) |
| 43202 | Esophagoscopy, rigid or flexible; diagnostic, with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure) with biopsy, single or multiple |
| 43227 | Esophagoscopy, rigid or flexible; diagnostic, with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure) with control of bleeding, any method |
| 43235 | Endoscopy, rigid or flexible; diagnostic, with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure) |
| 43239 | Upper GI endoscopy including esophagus, stomach, and either the duodenum and/or jejunum as appropriate; diagnostic with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure) with biopsy, single or multiple |
| 43255 | Upper GI endoscopy including esophagus, stomach, and either the duodenum and/or jejunum as appropriate; diagnostic with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure), with control of bleeding, any method |
| 44602 | Suture of small intestine (enterorrhaphy) for perforated ulcer |
| 44603 | Suture of small intestine (enterorrhaphy) for perforated ulcer |
| 44605 | Suture of large intestine (colorrhaphy) for perforated ulcer |
| 74240 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper; with or without delayed film, without KUB |
| 74241 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper; with or without delayed films, with KUB |
| 74245 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper; with small bowel, includes multiple serial films |
| 74246 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper, air contrast, with specific high-density barium, effervescent agent, with or without glycagon; with or without delayed films, with KUB |
| 74247 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper, air contrast, with specific high-density barium, effervescent agent, with or without glycagon; with or without delayed films, without KUB |
| 74249 | Radiologic examination, GI tract, upper, air contrast, with specific high-density barium, effervescent agent, with or without glycagon; with small-bowel follow-through |
Abbreviations: ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; NOS, not otherwise specified; NEC, not elsewhere classifiable; GI, gastrointestinal; CPT, Current Procedural Terminology; KUB, kidney, ureter, and bladder X-ray.