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. 2015 Oct 23;6:8562. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9562

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(a) Surface ocean evaporation32, (b) latent heat flux32, (c) sensible heat flux32 and (d) vertically integrated moisture flux (kg m⁻¹ s⁻¹) and moisture flux divergence (coloured) related to the change in the WPG between 1958 and 2012 (ref. 33). (a–d) show the flux relationship as composites between negative and positive WPG gradient occurrences. The number of positive and negative occurrences are 8 (16 in total), which correspond to 33% of the 58-year record. Positive flux in a to c means the ocean is gaining heat. All shadings in (a–d) are significant to P<0.05 using a two-tailed Monte Carlo test.