Table 2. Changes in acute effects.
Health measures |
Immune measures |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body condition | Haematocrit | Sed. Rate | Nitric Oxide | Granulocyte | Agranulocyte | |
Fixed | ||||||
Δ Inf. | F1,47 = 0.33 | F1,48 = 13.01*** | F1,47 = 0.53 | F1,43.2 = 3.66 | F1,43.9 = 4.46 | F1,21.1 = 1.41 |
−0.0012 ± 0.0003 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.2 ± 0.8 E−4 | ||||
Δ Inf. * session | F1,46 = 0.05 | F1,47 = 3.46 | F1,47 = 9.09 ** | F1,38 = 11.77 ** | F1,25.3 = 4.32 | F1,26.9 = 0.51 |
−0.003 ± 0.001 | 6.7 ± 1.9 E−4 | |||||
Δ Inf. * session *Borrelia | F1,44 = 0.15 | F1,45 = 0.02 | F1,45 = 0.01 | F1,39.3 = 12.32 ** | F1,39.3 = 0.06 | F1,44 = 0.89 |
−0.0010 ± 0.0002 | ||||||
Δ Inf. * session * ticks | F1,45 = 0.50 | F1,46 = 3.34 | F1,46 = 1.72 | F1,38.1 = 0.16 | F1,41.4 = 1.02 | F1,45 = 2.1 |
Δ Inf. * session * ticks * Borrelia | F1,43 = 0.08 | F1,43.7 = 0.91 | F1,44 = 1.74 | F1,38.3 = 1.1 | F1,38.7 = 0.06 | F1,43 = 0.26 |
Random | ||||||
Bird individual | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.7 E−5 | 2.1 ± 1.4 | 0.1 ± 1.6 |
Residual | 8.9 ± 1.8 E−4 | 8.9 ± 1.8 E−4 | 10.4 ± 2.0 E−3 | 2.1 ± 0.6 E−5 | 4.3 ± 1.3 | 7.9 ± 2.3 |
Summary of the Type III - tests of the generalized linear mixed models of the change in acute tick effects (‘Δ Acute’, Fig. 1) on the great tits’ physiological parameters (Δ Inf.) in dependence of the Borrelia infection rate in the ticks and the total number of ticks that fed on the birds. Reported estimates and significance levels of the non-significant fixed effects are those before final exclusion in the stepwise selection. Statistics and estimates of the final model are set in bold.
***, **, *, ‘ ’: P-value respectively <0.001; <0.01; <0.05; >0.05.