Table 3. .

Results of Multivariate Regression of Association Between Clinician Characteristics and Pressure Experienced From Different Stakeholders

Characteristica	β Value (95% Confidence Interval)	P Value
Outcome: pressure from cliniciansb
Division of competition
I	Referent
II	−.29 (−0.55, −0.03)	.03
III	−.31 (−0.54, −0.08)	.009
Respondent sex
Male	Referent
Female	.22 (0.00, 0.43)	.052
Supervisory structure
Athletic department	Referent
Medical institution	.04 (−0.31, 0.39)	.83
Provide care for contact or collision sports?
No	Referent
Yes	−.16 (−0.77, 0.45)	.60
Position
Physician	Referent
Athletic trainer	−.45 (−0.78, −0.12)	.007
Years of experience	.00 (−0.02, 0.01)	.57
Outcome: pressure from coachesc
Division of competition
I	Referent
II	.18 (−0.23, 0.58)	.40
III	−.72 (−1.08, 0.35)	<.001
Respondent sex
Male	Referent
Female	.41 (0.06, 0.74)	.02
Supervisory structure
Athletic department	Referent
Medical institution	−.42 (−0.96, 0.13)	.14
Provide care for contact or collision sports?
No	Referent
Yes	.41 (−0.06, 0.87)	.75
Position
Physician	Referent
Athletic trainer	.57 (0.06, 1.07)	.03
Years of experience	−.03 (−0.04, −0.01)	.006
Outcome: pressure from athletesd
Division of competition
I	Referent
II	.34 (−0.05, 0.74)	.09
III	−.14 (−0.49, 0.21)	.44
Respondent sex
Male	Referent
Female	.07 (−0.26, 0.40)	.69
Supervisory structure
Athletic department	Referent
Medical institution	−.24 (−0.77, 0.30)	.39
Provide care for contact or collision sports?
No	Referent
Yes	.30 (−0.60, 1.20)	.51
Position
Physician	Referent
Athletic trainer	−.36 (−0.85, 0.14)	.16
Years of experience	−.02 (−0.04, 0.00)	.03

^aThe range for all pressure outcomes was 1 to 7, with higher values indicating greater perceived pressure.

^bR ² = 0.034.

^cR ² = 0.069.

^dR ² = 0.022.