Table 2.
Sample characteristics
| Overall sample | Males | Females | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 147) | (n = 108) | (n = 39) | ||||
| Mean (SD)/N (%) | Range | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Range | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Range | |
| Age (years) | 12.58 (3.42) | 4–20 | 12.55 (3.55) | 4–20 | 12.67 (3.07) | 6–18 |
| Ethnicity (non-Hispanic/Latino) | 120 (81.6 %) | 86 (79.6 %) | 34 (87.2 %) | |||
| Race (White) | 110 (74.8 %) | 83 (76.9 %) | 27 (69.2 %) | |||
| Non-verbal IQ (n = 117) | 70.86 (29.16) | 30–137 | 73.01 (29.84) | 30–137 | 64.63 (25.56) | 31–113 |
| Expressive Communication Subscale (Vineland-2) | 6.55 (3.92) | 1–17 | 6.65 (4.05) | 1–17 | 6.26 (3.53) | 1–17 |
| Adaptive Behavior Composite (Vineland-2) (n = 128) | 55.57 (12.88) | 27–96 | 55.33 (12.79) | 27–96 | 56.27 (13.36) | 29–78 |
| ADOS-2 Module administered | ||||||
| 1 | 62 (42.2 %) | 46 (42.6 %) | 16 (41 %) | |||
| 2 | 15 (10.2 %) | 9 (8.3 %) | 6 (15.4 %) | |||
| 3 | 57 (38.8 %) | 43 (39.8 %) | 14 (35.9 %) | |||
| 4 | 13 (8.8 %) | 10 (9.3 %) | 3 (7.7 %) | |||
| ADOS-2 scores: Modules 1, 2, and 3 only (n = 134) | ||||||
| Comparison score | 7.47 (1.57) | 4–10 | 7.52 (1.55) | 4–10 | 7.36 (1.64) | 4–10 |
| Social affect | 13.44 (4.26) | 2–20 | 13.4 (4.23) | 2–20 | 13.56 (4.16) | 5–20 |
| Restricted/repetitive behaviors | 3.44 (2.12) | 0–8 | 3.50 (2.11) | 0–8 | 3.28 (2.16) | 0–7 |
| ADOS-2 scores: Module 4 only (n = 13) | ||||||
| Social and communication | 12.31 (3.40) | 8–19 | 12.0 (2.87) | 8–16 | 13.33 (5.51) | 8–19 |
| Stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests | 2.92 (3.23) | 0–13 | 3.20 (3.55) | 1–13 | 2.0 (2.0) | 0–4 |
| Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) Subscales | ||||||
| Irritability | 28.58 (8.6) | 8–45 | 27.72 (8.5) | 8–45 | 31.15 (8.2) | 10–42 |
| Lethargy | 15.98 (8.5) | 1–44 | 15.99 (8.6) | 1–44 | 15.94 (8.3) | 1–39 |
| Stereotypy | 8.98 (5.7) | 0–20 | 8.62 (5.6) | 0–20 | 10.06 (5.9) | 2–20 |
| Hyperactivity | 30.58 (10.2) | 1–47 | 30.73 (10.4) | 1–47 | 30.15 (9.7) | 11–45 |
| Inappropriate speech | 5.61 (3.8) | 0–12 | 5.61 (3.8) | 0–12 | 7.03 (3.6) | 0–12 |
| Self-injurious behavior (SIB) present | 39 (26.5 %) | 26 (24.1 %) | 13 (33.3 %) | |||
| Repetitive Behavior Scale – Revised (RBS-R) – Self-Injury Subscale total score for subjects with SIB present (n = 39) | n = 39 | n = 26 | n = 13 | |||
| Md = 11.0 | Md = 9.0a | Md = 15.0a | ||||
Md median
aSignificant difference between male and female RBS-R scores, Mann-Whitney U = 1113.50, z = −2.75, p = 0.006