Table 3.
Association between severity of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and the risk of hip fracture in elderly women from the SOF study
| Adjusted for age | Adjusted for age, BMI, regular walking, smoking habits, HRT, prevalent vertebral fracture, systolic blood pressure | Adjusted for age, BMI, regular walking, smoking habits, HRT, prevalent vertebral fracture, systolic blood pressure and total hip BMD | Adjusted for age, BMI, regular walking, smoking habits, HRT, prevalent vertebral fracture, systolic blood pressure, hip BMD and prior falls in past year | Adjusted for age, BMI, regular walking, smoking habits, HRT, prevalent vertebral fracture, systolic blood pressure, hip BMD prior falls in past year, and diabetes mellitus | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) | |
| 5-year follow-up | n/N = 32/952 | n/N = 30/935 | n/N = 22/793 | n/N = 22/791 | n/N = 22/769 |
| AAC score# | 1.08 (1.01 – 1.15)a | 1.08 (1.01 – 1.16)a | 1.07 (0.97 – 1.18) | 1.06 (0.96 – 1.17) | 1.06 (0.96 – 1.17) |
| AAC score = 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| AAC score = 1–4 | 1.45 (0.57 – 3.71) | 1.15 (0.40 – 3.37) | 1.41 (0.38 – 5.25) | 1.36 (0.38 – 4.95) | 1.41 (0.38 – 5.18) |
| AAC score = 5+ | 2.41 (1.04 – 5.52)a | 2.42 (0.98 – 5.99)* | 2.88 (1.00 – 8.36)§ | 2.76 (0.996 – 7.63)£ | 2.65 (0.98 – 7.18)**** |
| p for trend | <0.05 | 0.053 | 0.05 | 0.057 | 0.06 |
|
| |||||
| 15-year follow-up | n/N = 185/1002 | n/N = 183/985 | n/N = 155/835 | n/N = 155/833 | n/N = 155/678 |
| AAC score# | 1.02 (0.98 – 1.06) | 1.02 (0.98 – 1.06) | 1.01 (0.96 – 1.05) | 1.01 (0.96 – 1.05) | 1.01 (0.96 – 1.05) |
| AAC score = 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| AAC score = 1–4 | 1.08 (0.74 – 1.58) | 1.04 (0.68 – 1.58) | 0.91 (0.56 – 1.48) | 0.91 (0.56 – 1.47) | 0.93 (0.57 – 1.51) |
| AAC score = 5+ | 1.23 (0.83 – 1.81) | 1.27 (0.86 – 1.88) | 1.22 (0.78 – 1.91) | 1.22 (0.78 – 1.91) | 1.22 (0.78 – 1.91) |
| p for trend | 0.31 | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.46 |
#
per 1 unit increase;
a
p<0.05,
*
p = 0.055,
§
p = 0.05,
£
p = 0.0509,
****
p=0.0559
n - number of women with fractures in the analysis, N – total number of women in the analysis BMI – body mass index, BMD – bone mineral density, HRT – hormone replacement therapy