Table 3.
Lipid-lipoprotein profile according to apolipoprotein E genotype and abdominal obesity.
| ApoE 2/4 (A) |
ApoE 2/2 (B) |
ApoE 2/3 (C) |
ApoE 3/3 (D) |
ApoE 3/4 (E) |
ApoE 4/4 (F) |
ANOVAs or KW | ANOVAs or KW∗∗ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonobese/obese | 51/53 | 32/62 | 268/388 | 560/725 | 228/258 | 28/27 | p value | p value |
| Triglycerides1∗ | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 1.76 ± 1.65 | 2.24 ± 2.34 | 1.45 ± 1.75 b | 1.26 ± 1.75 a,b,c | 1.46 ± 1.41 b,d | 1.56 ± 1.11 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 2.41 ± 2.15 | 3.44 ± 3.54 a | 2.25 ± 2.11 b | 1.93 ± 2.09 b,c | 2.18 ± 2.60 b | 3.14 ± 4.43 d | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol1 | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 3.32 ± 0.93 | 2.71 ± 1.09a | 2.86 ± 0.85 a | 3.27 ± 0.84 b,c | 3.45 ± 0.82b,c | 3.53 ± 1.71b,c | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 3.28 ± 0.85 | 2.97 ± 1.07 | 3.27 ± 0.90 | 3.48 ± 0.81 b,c | 3.51 ± 0.84b,c | 3.56 ± 0.98b | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HDL-cholesterol1 | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 1.32 ± 0.51 | 1.39 ± 0.75 | 1.38 ± 0.49 | 1.38 ± 0.43 | 1.35 ± 0.44 | 1.39 ± 0.30 | NS | NS |
| Obese | 1.03 ± 0.29 | 1.00 ± 0.35 | 1.10 ± 0.36 | 1.10 ± 0.36 | 1.06 ± 0.36 | 0.88 ± 0.36 c,d | 0.006 | <0.001 |
| VLDL-cholesterol1,§ | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 0.66 ± 1.17 | 1.41 ± 2.21 a | 0.60 ± 0.72 b | 0.43 ± 0.60 a,b,c | 0.56 ± 0.76 b,d | 0.67 ± 0.53 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 0.95 ± 0.70 | 2.28 ± 2.27 a | 1.01 ± 1.19 b | 0.76 ± 0.71 b,c | 0.88 ± 1.16 b | 1.27 ± 1.45 b,d | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| VLDL-triglycerides1,§ | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 0.99 ± 1.32 | 1.67 ± 2.64 | 0.87 ± 1.19 b | 0.68 ± 1.14 b | 0.93 ± 1.38 b,d | 1.05 ± 1.02 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 1.57 ± 1.62 | 2.15 ± 1.87 | 1.61 ± 1.94 | 1.31 ± 1.36 b,c | 1.58 ± 2.56 | 2.23 ± 3.13 d | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Non-HDL-cholesterol1,† | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 4.18 ± 1.60 | 3.81 ± 3.01 | 3.54 ± 1.34 a | 3.83 ± 1.04 c | 4.15 ± 1.17 c,d | 4.28 ± 0.98 b | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 4.44 ± 1.06 | 5.80 ± 3.48 a | 4.52 ± 1.43 b | 4.42 ± 1.10 b | 4.62 ± 1.30 b | 5.46 ± 1.25 a,c,d,e | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 4.50 ± 2.51 | 4.70 ± 24.28 | 3.81 ± 2.75 | 3.97 ± 1.62 | 4.33 ± 1.99 c,d | 4.19 ± 1.38 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 5.54 ± 1.91 | 7.42 ± 8.61 | 5.45 ± 3.11 b | 5.32 ± 4.53 b | 5.71 ± 3.54 d | 8.11 ± 13.52 a,c,d,e | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| VLDL-cholesterol/triglycerides∗§,† | ||||||||
| Nonobese | 0.38 ± 0.15 | 0.64 ± 0.24 a | 0.40 ± 0.10 b | 0.33 ± 0.10 b,c | 0.35 ± 0.08 b,c | 0.38 ± 0.09 b | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obese | 0.43 ± 0.10 | 0.78 ± 0.23 a | 0.44 ± 0.10 b | 0.38 ± 0.08 b,c | 0.38 ± 0.07 b,c | 0.40 ± 0.07 b | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Data are mean ± SD and shown when no covariates are included in the models.
Note: HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; non-HDL-cholesterol: cholesterol total − high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL: very-low-density lipoprotein; KW: Kruskal-Wallis tests.
1Units are in mmol/L.
§Among a subsample of 1,531 subjects.
Significantly different (p < 0.05) as compared to a E2/4; to bE2/2; to cE2/3; to dE3/3; and to eE3/4 within the same nonobese/obese group.
Significant differences between nonobese and obese subjects within the same genotype group are in italic font.
∗ p value obtained after log10 transformation of the data; geometric means are shown.
†Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Mann-Whitney U tests; geometric means are shown.
∗∗When controlled for age, sex, and type 2 diabetes.