Table 1.
Descriptive Characteristics and Physical Activity Level by Preterm Delivery (PTD) Status Among Study Participants: Baltimore Preterm Delivery Study (2001–2004)
| Characteristic | Term, n (%) or Mean (SD) | PTD, n (%) or Mean (SD) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age* | 23 (6) | 23 (6) | .86 |
| Education (y) | .82 | ||
| ≤12 | 623 (90) | 126 (91) | |
| >12 | 69 (10) | 13 (9) | |
| Employment status | .96 | ||
| Unemployed | 335 (48) | 67 (49) | |
| Employed | 358 (52) | 71 (52) | |
| Recruitment | .55 | ||
| Prenatal | 383 (55) | 73 (53) | |
| Postpartum | 310 (45) | 66 (48) | |
| Previous PTD | .0004 | ||
| ≥1 | 72 (10) | 31 (22) | |
| None | 457 (66) | 76 (55) | |
| Nulliparous | 164 (24) | 32 (23) | |
| Chronic disease history | .54 | ||
| No | 506 (73) | 98 (71) | |
| Yes | 187 (27) | 41 (30) | |
| Acute pregnancy complications | <.0001 | ||
| No | 539 (78) | 85 (61) | |
| Yes | 154 (22) | 54 (39) | |
| Smoking during 2nd trimester | .003 | ||
| No | 572 (83) | 97 (72) | |
| Yes | 119 (17) | 38 (28) | |
| CES-D | .03 | ||
| <16 (not depressed) | 412 (60) | 69 (50) | |
| ≥16 (depressed) | 281 (41) | 70 (50) | |
| Drug use during pregnancy | .50 | ||
| No | 510 (77) | 99 (74) | |
| Yes | 151 (23) | 34 (26) | |
| Mean hassles score* | 18 (6) | 19 (6) | .12 |
| Mean locus of control* | 23 (3) | 22 (3) | .01 |
| Mean family resource scale* | 46 (15) | 50 (16) | .02 |
| Any LTPA | .18 | ||
| No | 420 (61.2) | 91 (67) | |
| Yes | 266 (38.8) | 44 (33) | |
| LTPA (min/wk) | .40 | ||
| 0 | 420 (61) | 91 (67) | |
| 1–60 | 182 (27) | 30 (22) | |
| >60 | 84 (12) | 14 (10) | |
| Intensity of LTPA | .17 | ||
| None | 420 (61) | 91 (67) | |
| Light/moderate | 212 (31) | 39 (29) | |
| High | 54 (8) | 5 (4) | |
| Walking for a purpose (min/d) | .05 | ||
| ≤30 | 457 (67) | 102 (76) | |
| >30 | 225 (33) | 33 (24) | |
| Stair climbing (times/d) | .34 | ||
| ≤10 | 584 (85) | 110 (82) | |
| >10 | 105 (15) | 25 (19) |
Abbreviations: CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale; LTPA, leisure time physical activity; SD, standard deviation.
Percentages may not sum to 100 owing to rounding errors.
*
Mean (SD).