Fig 2. Ara-LAM facilitates TLR2 dependent activation and expansion of CD8⁺ T-cells in Leishmania donovani infected BALB/c mice.

(A) Purified CD8⁺ T-cells were subjected to FACS analysis for TLR2 expression. Separately, purified CD8⁺ T-cells from differently treated mice were co-cultured with autologous infected macrophages (10:1) for 48hrs and IFN-γ, perforin, granzyme-B expression were determined by intracellular FACS. (B) CD8⁺ T-cells from differently treated mice groups were stimulated as described previously and conventional RT PCR was done after RNA extraction. (C) Purified CD8⁺ T-cells from differently treated mice and autologous L. donovani–infected macrophages were co-cultured for 72 hours. Proliferation was determined by an 18 h [³H] thymidine incorporation assay. Data were presented as count/million (×10³). Results were mean value ±SD. from triplicate wells. The asterisk indicated a statistically significant induction (**P<0.001) of T-cell proliferation, compared with that in infected mice.