Scheme of experimental design. (a) mRNA collected from enriched populations of mESCs, NSCs, primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes, and dedifferentiated neurons and astrocytes were subjected to sequencing library generation using DP-seq. Dedifferentiation of neurons and astrocytes was achieved by transducing the primary cultures of neuron and astrocytes by lentiviral vector comprising of HRas and shp53. The transduced neurons and astrocytes were switched to stem cell media devoid of serum and supplemented with FGF-2 for 3 weeks. (b) Differential expression of NSC markers and differentiation specific markers in dedifferentiated cell types in comparison with their mature parental cell types. (c) Pathway enrichment. The genes commonly upregulated in the dedifferentiated cell types showed enrichment for Wnt signaling, cell cycle and focal adhesion pathways. (d) Single sample gene set enrichment analysis. Gene lists comprising of the known markers (number of genes in the parentheses) showed significant enrichment in the respective populations. The dedifferentiated cell types exhibited high enrichment scores for NSC markers, neuron markers and a distinct set of focal adhesion genes.