Table 2.
Antimicrobial resistance of C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from pig, dairy, and beef cattle samples.
| Resistance profilea | Resistant isolates | Source of isolate and number of resistant isolates (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pig | Dairy cattle | Beef cattle | |||||||
| No. (%) | C. jejuni (n = 42) | C. coli (n = 69) | C. jejuni (n = 2) | C. coli (n = 67) | C. jejuni (n = 26) | C. coli (n = 1) | C. jejuni (n = 14) | C. coli (n = 1) | |
| Pan-susceptible | 5 (4.5) | 2(4.8) | 3(4.4) | 0 | 3 (4.5) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp | 12 (10.8) | 2(4.8) | 10(14.5) | 0 | 10 (14.9) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Ery | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Str | 4 (3.6) | 1(2.4) | 3(4.4) | 0 | 3 (4.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Nal | 3 (2.7) | 3(7.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Amp/Cip | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1(1.5) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Str/Tet | 3 (2.7) | 1(2.4) | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Azm/Ery | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Str | 11 (9.9) | 7(16.7) | 4(5.8) | 1 (50.0) | 4 (6.0) | 4 (15.4) | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0 |
| Nal/Str | 2 (1.8) | 1(2.4) | 1(1.5) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Ery | 3 (2.7) | 1(2.4) | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Ery/Str | 7 (6.3) | 3(7.2) | 4(4.8) | 0 | 4 (6.0) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0 |
| Ery/Nal/Tet | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Nal/Str | 6 (5.4) | 3(7.2) | 3(4.4) | 0 | 3 (4.5) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Cip/Ery/Str | 2 (1.8) | 1(2.4) | 1(1.5) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Nal/Str | 3 (2.7) | 2(4.8) | 1(1.5) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Tet/Str | 6 (5.4) | 1(2.4) | 5(7.3) | 0 | 4 (6.0) | 1 (3.9) | 1 (100) | 0 | 0 |
| Azm/Ery/Str | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Ery/Nal/Str | 9 (8.1) | 4(9.5) | 5(7.3) | 0 | 5 (7.5) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0 |
| Amp/Ery/Chl/Str | 4 (3.6) | 1(2.4) | 3(4.4) | 0 | 3 (4.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Amp/Nal/Str/Tet | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cip/Azm/Chl/Nal | 5 (4.5) | 3(7.2) | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 |
| Amp/Ery/Gen/Str | 2 (1.8) | 2(4.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cip/Amp/Ery/Nal/Tet | 3 (2.7) | 0 | 3(4.4) | 0 | 3 (4.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amp/Azm/Ery/Nal/Str | 4 (3.6) | 2(4.8) | 2(2.9) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 1 (100) |
| Amp/Chl/Ery/Nal/Str | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1(1.5) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cip/Amp/Ery/Nal/Str/Tet | 3 (2.7) | 1(2.4) | 2(2.9) | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cip/Amp/Azm/Ery/Nal/Str | 1 (0.9) | 1(2.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cip/Amp/Azm/Ery/Nal/Str/Tet | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1(1.5) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The antimicrobial resistance was determined using the disk diffusion method. Results are shown as number of isolates with percentage given in parentheses.
a
Amp, ampicillin; Azm, azithromycin; Chl, chloramphenicol; Cip, ciprofloxacin; Ery, erythromycin; Gen, gentamicin; Nal, nalidixic acid; Str, streptomycin; Tet, tetracycline.