Table 2.
Demographic and cognitive characteristics of the sample.
| Variable | Group 1 mean (SD) |
Group 2 mean (SD) |
Group 3 mean (SD) |
p value | Multiple comparisons (<0.05) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 54.3 (3.3) | 64.3 (3.1) | 74.3 (5.4) | <0.001∗ | G1 × G2 × G3 |
| Education | 10.9 (3.5) | 10.8 (3.5) | 10.8 (3.8) | 0.991 | ns |
| Gender | |||||
| M | 5 | 10 | 7 | 0.530 | ns |
| F | 19 | 14 | 17 | ||
| MMSE | 28 (1.1) | 27.5 (1.8) | 27.7 (1.7) | 0.511 | ns |
| CCQ | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.4 (1.0) | 0.584 | ns |
| GDS | 1.8 (1.4) | 1.3 (1.2) | 1.2 (1.0) | 0.214 | ns |
| SVF | 17.4 (5.2) | 16.6 (4.7) | 17.7 (3.8) | 0.691 | ns |
| DS-DO | 5.6 (1.3) | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.8 (0.9) | 0.670 | ns |
| DS-RO | 3.5 (1.1) | 3.5 (0.9) | 4.0 (1.4) | 0.603 | ns |
| ASHA-FACS | 6.9 (0.0) | 6.9 (0.0) | 6.9 (0.0) | 0.252 | ns |
SD = standard deviation; F = female; M = male; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; CCQ = Cognitive Change Questionnaire; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; SVF = semantic verbal fluency; DS-DO = digit span in direct order; DS-RO = digit span in reverse order; ASHA-FACS = Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults.
∗Statistically significant difference.