Table 3.

Gene expression changes in the nine key categories of human stress and toxicity pathways

Category of the pathway	Gene expression
	Up-regulation	Down-regulation
Cell death (apoptosis signaling)	2 (40.0)	3 (60.0)
Cell death (autophagy signaling)	2 (40.0)	3 (60.0)
Cell death (necrosis signaling)	0	4 (100.0)
DNA damage signaling (cell cycle checkpoint/arrest)	8 (100.0)	0
DNA damage signaling (other responses)	1 (16.7)	5 (83.3)
Heat shock proteins/infolded protein response	9 (75.0)	3 (25.0)
Hypoxia	3 (30.0)	7 (70.0)
Inflammatory response	3 (50.0)	3 (50.0)
Oxidative/metabolic stress	4 (57.1)	3 (42.9)

Values are presented as number (%). p = 0.005 by Fisher exact test.