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. 2015 Nov 10;6(6):803–819. doi: 10.3945/an.115.009647

TABLE 1.

Studies reporting on the association between anthropometric factors and breast cancer risk in African-American women1

Premenopausal
 Postmenopausal
First author, year (ref) Age, y Study design Exposure Contrast Cases/noncases, n Risk estimate 95% CI Cases/noncases, n Risk estimate 95% CI
Young-adult BMI
 Mayberry, 1994 (41)2 20–54 PCC BMI (kg/m2) age 18 y ≥30.70 vs. <23.80 177/137 0.52 0.2, 1.4 313/348 1.52 0.9, 2.7
 Zhu, 2005 (42) 20–64 PCC BMI age 18 y ≥30 vs. <25 109/109 1.84 0.27, 12.45 158/148 1.35 0.20, 9.15
 Palmer, 2007 (43) 21–69 PC BMI age 18 y ≥25 vs. <20 491/42,538 0.68 0.46, 0.98 442/9542 0.55 0.37, 0.82
 Berstad, 2010 (44) 35–64 PCC BMI age 18 y ≥25 vs. <20 733/688 0.67 0.47, 0.96 639/712 0.80 0.54, 1.19
ER+/PR+ 257/688 0.50 0.30, 0.87 225/712 0.80 0.46, 1.41
ER−/PR− 230/688 0.96 0.59, 1.57 158/712 0.55 0.27, 1.14
 John, 2011 and 2013 (45, 46) 35–79 PCC BMI in 20s High vs. low quantiles3 154/160 0.87 0.41, 1.86 243/315 0.934 0.59, 1.45
ER+/PR+ (tertiles)3 57/160 0.34 0.13, 0.92 108/315 0.734 0.39, 1.36
 White, 2012 (47) 45–75 PC BMI age 21 y ≥30 vs. <20 — — — 523/14,669 0.73 0.36, 1.48
 Bandera, 2013 (48) 20–75 PCC BMI age 20 y ≥30 vs. <25 469/482 0.77 0.42, 1.40 509/476 0.88 0.43, 1.81
 Robinson, 2014 (49)5 20–74 PCC BMI age 18 y ≥25 vs. <22 336/327 1.26 0.75, 2.11 425/367 1.26 0.80, 1.98
ER+/PR+ 142/327 1.114 0.62, 2.00 173/367 1.474 0.82, 2.63
ER−/PR− 153/327 1.284 0.73, 2.24 99/367 1.144 0.56, 2.35
 Bandera, 2015 (50) 20–75 Pooled6 BMI age 18–21 y ≥30 vs. <20 1125/4053 0.78 0.55, 1.10 1923/7465 0.67 0.45, 1.01
ER+ 674/4053 0.65 0.42, 1.01 1338/7465 0.62 0.38, 1.01
ER− 451/4053 1.00 0.63, 1.58 585/7465 0.78 0.44, 1.41
TN 224/4053 1.08 0.59, 1.98 255/7465 0.68 0.29, 1.56
Recent BMI
 Schatzkin, 1987 (51) 25–70 PCC BMI ≥30 vs. ≤24 221/334 1.2 0.7, 2.1 310/233 2.5 1.5, 4.4
 Mayberry, 1994 (41)2 20–54 PCC Adult BMI ≥32.3 vs. <24.9 177/137 3.92 1.3, 11.6 313/348 0.82 0.4, 1.4
 Brinton, 1997 (52)2 20–54 PCC Current BMI <22.0 vs. >28.8 Not specified/102 1.32 0.5, 3.1 NS/194 0.82 0.3, 1.9
 Zhu, 2005 (42) 20–64 PCC Recent BMI ≥30 vs. <25 110/110 2.49 0.87, 7.59 161/150 2.32 1.04, 5.19
 Palmer, 2007 (43) 21–69 PC Current BMI ≥35 vs. <25 495/42,538 0.87 0.62, 1.21 454/9542 0.99 0.72, 1.36
 Berstad, 2010 (44) 35–64 PCC Recent BMI ≥35 vs. <25 733/688 0.81 0.56, 1.19 639/712 1.26 0.85, 1.85
ER+/PR+ 257/688 0.63 0.36, 1.11 225/712 1.83 1.08, 3.09
ER−/PR− 230/688 1.12 0.66, 1.91 158/712 0.58 0.27, 1.24
 John, 2011 and 2013 (45, 46) 35–79 PCC Current BMI ≥30 vs. <25 154/160 0.65 0.35, 1.23 243/315 1.074 0.66, 1.73
ER+/PR+ 57/160 0.32 0.13, 0.81 108/315 1.464 0.74, 2.89
 White, 2012 (47) 45–75 PC Baseline BMI ≥30 vs. <20 — — — 523/8595 1.244 0.90, 1.70
 Bandera, 2013 (53) 20–75 PCC Current BMI ≥30 vs. <25 469/482 0.927 0.54, 1.56 509/476 1.007 0.58, 1.72
ER+/PR+ 195/482 1.347 0.68, 2.68 206/476 1.047 0.50, 2.18
ER−/PR− 102/482 1.267 0.53, 3.00 101/476 0.377 0.15, 0.96
 Robinson, 2014 (49) 20–74 PCC Recent BMI ≥35 vs. <25 340/327 1.09 0.67, 1.78 432/375 1.06 0.66, 1.70
ER+/PR+ 143/327 0.844 0.44, 1.62 177/375 1.284 0.64, 2.55
ER−/PR− 155/327 1.134 0.59, 2.16 100/375 0.634 0.27, 1.48
 Bandera, 2015 (50) 20–75 Pooled6 Recent BMI ≥35 vs. <25 1149/4087 0.837 0.66, 1.05 2025/7973 1.087 0.88, 1.34
ER+ 691/4087 0.817 0.61, 1.07 1413/7973 1.317 1.02, 1.67
ER− 458/4087 0.897 0.64, 1.24 612/7973 0.757 0.54, 1.04
TN 227/4087 1.137 0.71, 1.80 264/7973 0.607 0.39, 0.93
Weight gain
 Palmer, 2007 (43) 21–69 PC Weight gain since age 18 y ≥25 vs. <10 kg 490/42,538 1.178 0.90, 1.52 443/9542 1.098 0.81, 1.488
 John, 2011 and 2013 (45, 46) 35–79 PCC Weight gain (kg) since 20s High vs. none/stable9 153/158 0.52 0.22, 1.22 231/297 1.134 0.54, 2.39
ER+/PR+ 61/158 0.31 0.09, 1.04 104/297 1.274 0.47, 3.42
 White, 2012 (47) 45–75 PC Weight gain since age 21 y >22.7 vs. ≤3.64 kg — — — 523/8595 1.46 1.09, 1.97
 Bandera, 2013 (48) 20–75 PCC Weight gain since age 20 y ≥34.6 vs. <13.82 kg 407/434 1.4910 0.81, 2.73 439/427 1.4210 0.80, 2.53
 Robinson, 2014 (49) 20–74 PCC Weight gain since age 18 y ≥55 vs. ≤25 pounds 336/326 0.6810 0.39, 1.19 429/375 0.8410 0.50, 1.40
ER+/PR+ 141/326 0.764 0.44, 1.30 175/375 0.864 0.48, 1.57
ER−/PR− 154/326 0.774 0.44, 1.35 100/375 0.634 0.31, 1.29
WHR or WC
 Palmer, 2007 (43) 21–69 PC WHR ≥0.87 vs. <0.71 429/42,538 1.19 0.87, 1.64 382/9542 0.99 0.72, 1.37
 John, 2011 and 2013 (45, 46) 35–79 PCC WC (cm) High vs. low quartile11 154/160 1.09 0.47, 2.52 243/315 2.174,10 1.05, 4.49
Tertile 3 vs. tertile 112 ER+/ER+ 57/160 0.87 0.32, 2.35 108/315 3.364,10 1.10, 10.28
 Bandera, 2013 (53) 20–75 PCC WHR >0.92 vs. ≤0.82 469/482 1.3810 0.89, 2.12 509/476 1.4810 0.97, 2.26
ER+/PR+ 192/482 1.3310 0.76, 2.32 205/470 1.6110 0.90, 2.90
ER−/PR− 94/482 1.5110 0.74, 3.05 100/470 1.2610 0.63, 2.50
 Robinson, 2014 (49) 20–74 PCC WHR ≥0.84 vs. <0.77 341/325 2.1510 1.34, 3.47 434/380 1.4910 0.90, 2.47
ER+/PR+ 145/325 1.424 0.80, 2.51 176/380 1.484 0.70, 3.12
ER−/PR− 155/325 2.324 1.26, 4.29 105/380 0.924 0.40, 2.10
 Bandera, 2015 (50) 20–75 Pooled6 WHR >0.84 vs. ≤0.74 1081/3648 1.2610 0.99, 1.60 1380/4621 1.2610 1.02, 1.56
ER+ 643/3648 1.3510 1.01, 1.80 930/4621 1.2410 0.97, 1.60
ER− 438/3648 1.1410 0.81, 1.59 450/4621 1.3110 0.93, 1.83
TN 222/3648 1.4010 0.85, 2.31 214/4621 1.6010 0.94, 2.73
1

ER, estrogen receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth receptor 2; PC, prospective cohort study; PCC, population-based case-control study; PR, progesterone receptor; ref, reference; TN, triple negative (ER−, PR−, HER2− WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; +, positive; −, negative.

2

Mayberry and Branch (54) and Brinton et al. (52) stratified analyses by age (20–39 and 40–54 y), not by menopausal status. Total number of cases in Brinton et al. (52) was 281, but the numbers of cases in the 2 age categories were not provided.

3

Premenopausal women: quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, BMI >24.9 vs. ≤20.9; for ER+/PR+ analyses: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, BMI >24.0 vs. ≤21.5. Postmenopausal women: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, BMI >23.7 vs. ≤21.2. Same cutoffs for ER+/PR+ analyses.

4

Never/noncurrent users of menopausal hormone therapy.

5

Hall et al. (54) and Robinson et al 2014 (49) are from the same study, the Carolina Breast Cancer Study; therefore, only the most recent publication is included in the table.

6

Bandera et al. (50) includes data from the Black Women’s Health Study (43), the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (49), the Women’s Circle of Health Study (53), and the Multiethnic Cohort Study (47), with additional recruitment since the individual published reports.

7

Further adjusted for WHR or WC.

8

Further adjusted for young-adult BMI.

9

Premenopausal women: weight gain >20 kg vs. none/stable; postmenopausal women: ≥30 kg vs. none/stable.

10

Further adjusted for recent BMI.

11

Premenopausal women: quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, WC >98.0 vs. ≤78.7 cm; postmenopausal women: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, WC >96.4 vs. ≤85.0 cm.

12

Premenopausal women: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, WC >93.5 vs. ≤81.2 cm; postmenopausal women: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, WC >96.4 vs. ≤85.0 cm.