TABLE 5.
Studies reporting on the association between anthropometric factors and breast cancer risk in Asian and Asian-American women1
| Premenopausal |
Postmenopausal |
|||||||||
| First author, year (ref) | Age at study entry, y | Study design | Ethnicity | Contrast | Cases/noncases, n | Risk estimate | 95% CI | Cases/noncases, n | Risk estimate | 95% CI |
| Recent BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||
| Kyogoku, 1990 (89) | 45–79 | PCC | Japanese | Quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 | — | — | — | 121/242 | 1.10 | 0.50, 2.50 |
| Ziegler, 1996 (90) | 20–55 | PCC | Asian-American | >31.3 vs. <22.9 | 421/656 | 1.60 | 0.87, 2.94 | 112/237 | 1.78 | 0.57, 5.58 |
| Hu, 1997 (91) | 20 to ≥65 | PCC | Japanese | >23 vs. <21 | 87/202 | 0.45 | 0.22, 0.92 | 67/159 | 1.98 | 0.86, 4.55 |
| Ng, 1997 (92) | 45–69 | PCC | Chinese | >27.5 vs. ≤21 | 74/297 | 0.60 | 0.30, 1.20 | 130/585 | 1.20 | 0.70, 2.30 |
| Tung, 1999 (93) | 29 to ≥80 | PCC | Japanese | >25 vs. <20 | 190/119 | 0.98 | 0.46, 2.06 | 186/282 | 1.90 | 1.10, 3.24 |
| Shu, 2001 (94) | 25–64 | PCC | Chinese | ≥28.0 vs. <20.7 | 952/990 | 1.10 | 0.70, 1.70 | 501/562 | 2.00 | 1.20, 3.20 |
| Hirose, 2001 (95) | 30 to ≥70 | PC | Japanese | ≥25 vs. <20 | 861/9622 | 1.18 | 0.91, 1.50 | 604/4991 | 2.17 | 1.60, 2.90 |
| Kuriyama, 2005 (96) | ≥40 | PC | Japanese | ≥30 vs. <252 | 33/5355 | 0.84 | 0.24, 2.88 | 65/9601 | 2.67 | 1.03, 6.92 |
| Chow, 2005 (97) | 24–85 | PCC | Chinese | 27–31 vs. <19 | 68/212 | 1.32 | 0.39, 4.43 | 130/129 | 2.06 | 1.08, 3.93 |
| Wu, 2006 (98) | 47 ± 10 | PC | Chinese | >26.2 vs. <21.6 | — | — | — | 104/11,7263 | 1.903 | 1.00, 3.403 |
| Tian, 2007 (99) | 22–87 | PCC | Chinese | >24.5 vs. ≤24.5 | 141/141 | 0.60 | 0.32, 1.09 | 103/103 | 2.94 | 1.53, 5.68 |
| Iwasaki, 2007 (100) | 40–69 | PC | Japanese | ≥30 vs. <19 | 201/20,670 | 1.35 | 0.53, 3.47 | 229/28,939 | 2.28 | 0.94, 5.53 |
| ER+/PR+ (cont) | 62/20,809 | 1.04 | 0.98, 1.11 | 65/29,103 | 1.08 | 1.01, 1.15 | ||||
| ER−/PR− (cont) | 41/20,830 | 1.02 | 0.93, 1.13 | 41/29,127 | 0.95 | 0.84, 1.06 | ||||
| Wu, 2007 (101) | 25–74 | PCC | Asian-American | >24.60 vs. ≤20.43 | 572/613 | 0.67 | 0.46, 0.98 | 705/547 | 1.35 | 0.95, 1.93 |
| Mathew, 2008 (102) | NA | PCC | Indian | ≥30 vs. <25 | 898/1182 | 1.58 | 0.46, 5.42 | 968/691 | 1.07 | 0.33, 3.45 |
| Shin, 2009 (103) | 20–70 | PCC | Chinese | ≥25.0 vs. ≤20.9 | 2080/1959 | 1.30 | 1.10, 1.50 | 1368/1511 | 1.80 | 1.40, 2.20 |
| Kawai, 2010 (104) | 40–64 | PC | Japanese | ≥25.9 vs. <20.5 | — | — | — | 108/9998 | 2.54 | 1.16, 5.55 |
| Suzuki, 2011 (105) | 40–69 | PC | Japanese | ≥24.0 vs. 20.0 to <24.0 | 220/17666 | 1.01 | 0.63, 1.61 | 232/23,476 | 0.77 | 0.52, 1.14 |
| White, 2012 (47) | 40–75 | PC | Japanese-American | ≥30 vs. <20 | — | — | — | 921/21,396 | 1.59 | 1.24, 2.05 |
| Suzuki, 2013 (106) | 40–79 | PC | Japanese | ≥29.0 vs. 20.0–23.9 | 62/8131 | 0.62 | 0.08, 4.58 | 172/28,033 | 2.13 | 1.09, 4.16 |
| Kawai, 2013 (107) | ≥30 | PCC | Japanese | ≥30.0 vs. <18.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ER+/PR+ | 250/1039 | 0.55 | 0.22, 1.34 | 277/1756 | 6.24 | 2.68, 14.5 | ||||
| ER−/PR− | 95/1039 | 0.65 | 0.19, 2.28 | 142/1756 | 2.43 | 0.74, 7.95 | ||||
| Weight gain | ||||||||||
| Kyogoku, 1990 (89) | 45–79 | PCC | Japanese | > 4 vs. ≤0 kg/m2 | — | — | — | 121/242 | 1.00 | 0.50, 2.10 |
| Shu, 2001 (94) | 25–64 | PCC | Chinese | > 5.65 vs. < 1.15 kg | 952/990 | 1.10 | 0.90, 1.40 | 501/562 | 1.50 | 1.10, 2.10 |
| Hirose, 2001 (95) | 30 to ≥70 | PC | Japanese | >3 vs. 0 kg/m2 | 861/9622 | 0.89 | 0.73, 1.10 | 604/4991 | 1.34 | 1.00, 1.70 |
| Wu, 2007 (101) | 25–74 | PCC | Asian-American | >20 vs. ≤10 kg | 572/613 | 1.48 | 0.52, 4.25 | 705/547 | 2.23 | 1.00, 4.94 |
| Shin, 2009 (103) | 20–70 | PCC | Chinese | ≥15 vs. ≤0 | 2080/1959 | 1.40 | 1.10, 1.70 | 1368/1511 | 1.80 | 1.40, 2.40 |
| Kawai, 2010 (104) | 40–64 | PC | Japanese | ≥12 vs. ± 2 kg | — | — | — | 108/9998 | 1.55 | 0.70, 3.45 |
| White, 2012 (47) | 40–75 | PC | Japanese-American | >22.5 vs. 3.7–9.1 kg | — | — | — | 921/21,396 | 2.05 | 1.40, 3.00 |
| Suzuki, 2013 (106) | 40–79 | PC | Japanese | ≥10 kg and BMI ≥24 vs. <10 kg and BMI <24 | 62/8131 | 1.88 | 0.85, 4.16 | 172/28,033 | 2.55 | 1.47, 4.42 |
| WHR | ||||||||||
| Ng, 1997 (92) | 45–69 | PCC | Chinese | >0.86 vs. <0.75 | 74/297 | 6.40 | 2.40, 16.9 | 130/585 | 6.10 | 2.70, 14.2 |
| Shu, 2001 (94) | 25–64 | PCC | Chinese | ≥0.865 vs. <0.764 | 952/990 | 1.80 | 1.30, 2.60 | 501/562 | 1.60 | 1.00, 2.50 |
| Wu, 2006 (98) | 47 ± 10 | PC | Chinese | >0.85 vs. <0.77 | — | — | — | 104/11,7223 | 0.603 | 0.30, 1.203 |
| Tian, 2007 (99) | 22–87 | PCC | Chinese | >0.81 vs. <0.81 | 140/141 | 1.40 | 0.81, 2.41 | 102/103 | 3.64 | 1.88, 7.05 |
| Wu, 2007 (101) | 25–74 | PCC | Asian-American | >0.84 vs. ≤0.76 | 564/606 | 1.20 | 0.82, 1.77 | 687/548 | 1.48 | 1.02, 2.15 |
| Mathew, 2008 (102) | NA | PCC | Indian | >0.85 vs. ≤0.85 | 898/1182 | 0.92 | 0.74, 1.13 | 968/691 | 0.74 | 0.57, 0.97 |
| Shin, 2009 (103) | 20–70 | PCC | Chinese | ≥0.84 vs. ≤0.76 | 2080/1962 | 2.30 | 1.90, 2.80 | 1372/1512 | 2.20 | 1.70, 2.80 |
1
cont, continuous; ER, estrogen receptor; NA, not available; PC, prospective cohort study; PCC, population-based case-control study; PR, progesterone receptor; ref, reference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; +, positive; −, negative.
2
Highest category for premenopausal women is smaller (27.5–29.9).
3
Pre- and postmenopausal women combined.