Concentration-dependence of effects of thalidomide-type drugs on human T cell generation of cytokines. Each column and bar depicts the mean ± S.D. of the results of cytokine ELISAs of supernates from T cells of a total of four healthy subjects, of whom two were young and two were old, after three days of incubation with anti-CD3 + anti-CD28 antibodies without (control = 100%) and with a drug. The mean ± S.D. of control (100%) values for IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-17, respectively, were 30,915 ± 11,206, 5.8 ± 3.4 and 1149 ± 372pg/ml.A= IFN-γ, B = IL-2 and C=IL-17. Statistical significance of differences from the controls without an IMD was calculated by a two-sample t test and indicated by + for pb0.05, * for pb 0.01 and ** for pb 0..001.