Fig. 4.

L-MSCs suppress TNF-α secretion by DCs. Porcine BM-DCs were cultured in the presence or absence of L-MSCs and stimulated with LPS overnight. TNF-α production in culture supernatants was determined by ELISA. Presence of L-MSCs in the culture caused more than 50 % suppression in TNF-α production by LPS-stimulated DCs. The data are expressed as % change in TNF-α production (TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated DCs was considered as 100 %). Each bar represents mean percent change ± SD in TNF-α levels from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05. DC Dendritic cell, MSC Mesenchymal stem cell, TNF tumor necrosis factor