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. 2015 Aug 20;17(8):e204. doi: 10.2196/jmir.4427

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©Alison Callahan, Igor Pernek, Gregor Stiglic, Jure Leskovec, Howard R Strasberg, Nigam Haresh Shah. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 20.08.2015.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Example of term expansion for HCUP CCS codes; each code is represented as its set of ICD-9 codes. The ICD-9 code for essential hypertension is expanded using the UMLS Metathesaurus to identify the n terms mapped to that concept. Each of the n terms (eg, “essential hypertension nos,” red) is used as a seed query to our custom lexicon to identify additional concepts and their terms. Here, “essential hypertension nos” maps to the concept hypertensive disease, and its additional m-1 terms (green) are used in combination with the n seed terms to identify searches corresponding to the HCUP CCS codes for hypertension.