FIGURE 4.

Path diagram illustrating a CT-C(M – 1) model with indicator-specific trait factors. In the example, there are three traits and three methods. Each trait-informant combination is measured by three observed variables (indicators) Y_imt (i = indicator, m = method or type of informant, t = trait). Trait factors T_it are shown at the top, trait-specific method factors M_mt at the bottom of the figure. Observed variables with the same index i and t (but different method index m) load onto the same indicator-specific trait factor T_it. The parameters λ_imt and γ_imt denote trait and method factor loadings, respectively. All trait factors can be correlated and all method factors can be correlated as indicated by double-headed arrows. Correlations between trait and method factors pertaining to the same trait are not allowed.