TABLE 1.

Targets for reversible cardiac protein phosphorylation.

Protein	Reported kinase activity	Phosphorylation site	Reported phosphatase activity	Reference
Aurora B	n.d.	n.d.	PP1	Murnion et al. (2001)
CaV1.2 α	CaMKII	Ser1512, Ser1570	PP1 PP2A PP2B	Davare et al. (2000), Kamp and Hell (2000), Chen et al. (2002), Yang et al. (2005, 2007), Hall et al. (2006), Hulme et al. (2006), Lee et al. (2006), Sun et al. (2006), Lemke et al. (2008), Tandan et al. (2009), Blaich et al. (2010), Xu et al. (2010), Brandmayr et al. (2012), Shi et al. (2012), Minobe et al. (2014)
	PKA	Ser1574, Ser1866, Ser1928	PP1 PP2A
PKC	Ser1928	PP1 (major) PP2A (minor)
PKG	Ser1928
Akt/PKB	n.d.	n.d.
CaV1.2 β	PKC	Ser496	PP1 PP2A	Gerhardstein et al. (1999), Grueter et al. (2006), Yang et al. (2007), Abiria and Colbran (2010)
	CaMKII	Thr498
PKA	Ser458, Ser478, Ser479
PKG	Ser496
cMyBP-C	PKAPKC	Ser282 Ser273 (HF) Ser302 (HF)	PP1 PP2A	Mohamed et al. (1998), Florea et al. (2012), Heijman et al. (2013)
Cold shock domain protein ACSDA	Bcr-Abl kinasePI3K/AktRibosomal S6 kinase (RSK)	Ser134	PP1	Sears et al. (2010), Chiang et al. (2015)
Connexin 43	PKC	Ser368	PP1 PP2A	Ai and Pogwizd (2005), Ai et al. (2011)
	PKA	Ser262
CREB	PKA PKC Casein kinase II CaMKIIP90 (RSK)	Ser133	PP1 PP2A	Montminy et al. (1990), Miller et al. (1998), Li et al. (2006)
eIF2α	n.d.	n.d.	PP1	Ceulemans and Bollen (2004)
FAK	n.d.	n.d.	PP1α in vitro	Yamakita et al. (1999)
Glycogen synthase kinase	PKA	Ser67 Ser48	PP1 PP2A	Woodgett and Cohen (1984), Walker et al. (2000)
HDAC4	CKIP PKA CaMKII	Ser246 Ser467 Ser632	PP2A	Zhang et al. (2002), Backs et al. (2006)
Histone3	CaMKII	Thr3 Ser28 Ser10	PP1	Ceulemans and Bollen (2004), Awad et al. (2013)
I-1	PKA	Thr35	PP2A PP2B	El-Armouche et al. (2006a), Wittkopper et al. (2010a)
	PKCα	Ser67
Na+/K+ ATPase	PKC	Ser18	PP2A	Palmer et al. (1991), Feschenko and Sweadner (1997)
NaV1.5	CaMKII	Ser571 Thr594 Ser516	n.d.	Murray et al. (1997), Zhou et al. (2000), Baba et al. (2004), Wagner et al. (2006), Hund et al. (2010), Ashpole et al. (2012), Toischer et al. (2013)
	PKA	Ser525 Ser528
	PKC	n.d.
NCX1	PKA (in vitro), PKC	Thr731 (in vitro)	PP1 PP2A PP2B	Palmer et al. (1991), Schulze et al. (2003), Wei et al. (2003, 2007), Shigekawa et al. (2007), Zhang and Hancox (2009), Wanichawan et al. 2011
Neurabin	P70S6 kinase	n.d.	PP1	McAvoy et al. (1999), Sakisaka et al. (1999), Oliver et al. (2002)
	PKA	Ser461
NFATs	PKA GSK3β DYRK1/2 CK1 MEKK1 JNK P38MAPK	multiple	PP2B	Beals et al. (1997), Chow et al. (1997, 2000), Zhu et al. (1998), Chow and Davis (2000), Gomez del Arco et al. (2000), Sheridan et al. (2002), Yang et al. (2002), Okamura et al. (2004), Gwack et al. 2006
PDE4D3	PKA	Ser13 Ser54	PP1 PP2A	Egloff et al. (1997), Carlisle Michel et al. (2004), Dodge-Kafka et al. (2006), De Arcangelis et al. 2008
	ERK5	Ser579
PDE5A	n.d.	n.d.	PP1	Chiang et al. (2015)
Phospholemman	PKA	Ser68	PP1	Palmer et al. (1991), El-Armouche et al. (2011)
	PKC	Ser63 Ser68
PLB	PKA	Ser16	PP1 PP2A	MacDougall et al. (1991), Luo et al. (1994), Jackson and Colyer (1996), Chu and Kranias (2002)
	CaMKII	Ser17
PMCA	PKA PKC	n.d.	PP1 PP2A	Zylinska et al. (1998), Zylinska and Soszynski (2000)
P70S6 Kinase	n.d.	n.d.	PP1 PP2A	Bettoun et al. (2002)
Retinoblastoma protein (Rb)	CDK	Thr320	PP1	Liu et al. (1999), Ceulemans and Bollen (2004)
RyR2	PKA	Ser2808 Ser2030	PP1 PP2A PP2B	Marx et al. (2000), Pare et al. (2005), Xiao et al. (2005, 2006), Meng et al. (2007), Liu et al. (2011, 2014), Zhang et al. (2012)
	CaMKII	Ser2814
SERCA2a	CaMKII	Ser38 (Ser167, Ser531 → in vitro)	n.d.	Brandl et al. (1986), Narayanan and Xu (1997)
SF2/ASF	PKA	n.d.	PP1	Gu et al. (2011), Huang et al. (2014)
Tn-inhibitor (TnI)	PKA	Ser23 Ser24	PP1 PP2A	Cole and Perry (1975)
T-type calcium channel (Cav3.2)	PKA	Ser1107 Thr2214 Ser1144	n.d.	Chemin et al. (2007), Hu et al. (2009)
Vitamin D receptor	P70S6PI-3 kinaseB/Akt	n.d.	PP1 PP2A	Bettoun et al. (2002)
Yotiao/KCNQ1	PKA	Ser27	PP1	Westphal et al. (1999), Marx et al. (2002), Terrenoire et al. (2009)

This table lists currently known substrates, which PK-mediated phosphorylation is counteracted by PP1, PP2A, or/and PP2B.